The His-tag (also called 6xHis-tag) is one of the simplest and most widely used purification tags, with six or more consecutive histidine residues. These residues readily coordinate with transition metal ions such as Ni2 + or Co2 + immobilized on beads or a resin for purification.
What does a His-tag do?
One of the most commonly used tags is the polyhistidine tag, also known as His-Tag, which is a string of usually between six and nine histidine residues (see Figure 1 below). This method of tagging is especially useful as it allows for easy purification and detection of the recombinant protein.
How many kDa is a His-tag?
His-tags, due to their relatively small size (∼2.5 kDa), are not believed to significantly interfere with the function and structure of a majority of proteins.
What is 6xHis tag sequence?
The most common polyhistidine tags are formed of six histidine (6xHis tag) residues – which are added at the N-terminus preceded by Methionine or C-terminus before a stop codon, in the coding sequence of the protein of interest.
How is his-tag removed?
His-tag removal from protein using TEV Protease
- Dialyze the protein against 20 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5.
- Determine the protein concentration.
- Combine 15 μg of protein and H2O (if necessary) to make a 45 μl total reaction volume.
- Add 5 μl of TEV Protease Reaction Buffer (10X) to make a 50 μl total reaction volume.
How heavy is a His-tag?
His-tags. Molecular Weight: 0.2–1.6 kDa.
What is the primary use of his tags?
His-tags are often used to identify expressing cells when producing recombinant proteins. For example, using anti-His antibodies, researchers can easily detect a secreted His-tagged protein in cell culture supernatant when selecting suitable clones for expansion.
What is His-tag name?
A polyhistidine-tag is an amino acid motif in proteins that consists of at least six histidine (His) residues, often at the N- or C-terminus of the protein. It is also known as hexa histidine-tag, 6xHis-tag, and by the trademarked name His-tag® (registered by EMD Biosciences).
How do you elute his protein tag?
Elution and recovery of captured His-tagged protein from an IMAC column is accomplished by using a high concentration of imidazole (at least 200 mM), low pH (e.g., 0.1 M glycine-HCl, pH 2.5) or an excess of strong chelators (e.g., EDTA). Imidazole is the most common elution agent.
What is T7 tag?
The T7 tag is an 11 amino acid peptide encoded in the leader sequence of T7 bacteriophage gene10. This gene encodes a T7 major capsid protein whose function is not clear. … Monoclonal antibodies specific for T7 tag are an important tool for studying expression of recombinant T7-tagged proteins.
What is the size of myc tag?
approximately 1202 Daltons The tag is approximately 1202 Daltons in atomic mass and has 10 amino acids. It can be fused to the C-terminus and the N-terminus of a protein.
What is nickel NTA?
Ni-NTA Agarose is a nickel-charged affinity resin that can be used to purify recombinant proteins containing a polyhistidine (6xHis) sequence. … Ni-NTA uses the chelating ligand nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) coupled to a cross-linked 6% agarose resin that is suitable for use in batch and gravity flow applications.
What is SUMO tag?
SUMO Tag Definition Sumo tag is most frequently used as N-end fusion sequence in yeast to increase the expression and solubility of the desired recombinant protein. SUMO proteins are similar to ubiquitin in their folded structure but possess only about 20% homology to the amino acid sequence of ubiquitin.
What is a V5 tag?
The V5 tag is derived from a small epitope (Pk) found on the P and V proteins of the paramyxovirus of the simian virus 5 (SV5) family. … V5 tag antibodies provide a dependable method for the detection and purification of tagged target proteins without a protein-specific antibody or probe.
What metals bind to his tags?
Nickel, cobalt and copper Nickel is the most widely available metal ion for purifying His-tagged proteins. Nickel generally provides good binding efficiency to His-tagged proteins but also tends to bind nonspecifically to endogenous proteins that contain histidine clusters.
How do you get rid of thrombin after cleavage?
Hi, usually after on-column cleavage using Thrombin, it can be completely removed by placing a pre-packed Heparin affinity chromatography column, HiTrap™ Benzamidine FF (high sub) column in series after the GSTrap FF column. The removal of thrombin can be verified with an activity assay using the substrate S-2238.
Is it necessary to remove his tag?
In the vast majority of cases, it is not necessary to remove the polyHis-Tag from recombinant proteins. … Although unusually, His-tag may affect the functionality of the protein. Then, take this into account if you will carried out functional assays and any problem arise.
How does Ni NTA resin work?
Ni-NTA Agarose is an affinity chromatography matrix for purifying recombinant proteins carrying a His tag. Histidine residues in the His tag bind to the vacant positions in the coordination sphere of the immobilized nickel ions with high specificity and affinity. Cleared cell lysates are loaded onto the matrices.
What are purification tags?
Protein tags are most frequently used to purify proteins for which no protein-specific antibody exists. Such tags include his (polyhistidine), FLAG (DYKDDDDK), GST, and Myc tags, which are fused to proteins of interest using expression vector systems.
Why is histidine attracted to nickel?
A string of histidine residues may be added to the amino or carboxyl terminus of the expressed protein. … This His-tag binds tightly to the immobilized metal ions because the side chain of Histidine, imidazole, has a specific binding affinity to metal ions (in this case, nickel II).
How big is the GST tag?
26 kDa At 26 kDa, GST is considerably larger than many other fusion protein affinity tags.
What are affinity tags?
The affinity tags are unique proteins/peptides that are attached at the N- or C-terminus of the recombinant proteins. These tags help in protein purification. … The epitope tags are generally small peptides with high affinity towards a chromatography resin.
How does affinity purification work?
By contrast, affinity chromatography (also called affinity purification) makes use of specific binding interactions between molecules. … After other sample components are washed away, the bound molecule is stripped from the support, resulting in its purification from the original sample.
What is IMAC purification?
Immobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC) is a powerful purification technique that relies on a molecule’s affinity for certain metals immobilized onto a chelating surface. The chelating ligand, iminodiacetic acid (IDA) in this case, may be charged with transition metals such as Cu2+, Ni2+, Co2+, or Zn2+.
What is a 6 His tag fusion?
The 6xHis tag, also known as polyhistidine tag, His6 tag and/or hexa histidine tag, is an amino acid motif consisting of at least 6 histidine residues fused to the carboxyl (C-) or amino (N-) terminus of a target protein in transfected cells.
What is the role of histidine?
Histidine is required for synthesis of proteins. It plays particularly important roles in the active site of enzymes, such as serine proteases (e.g., trypsin) where it is a member of the catalytic triad. Excess histidine may be converted to trans-urocanate by histidine ammonia lyase (histidase) in liver and skin.
What is Tactin?
The Strep•Tag® II/Strep•Tactin® system combines high specificity with gentle elution conditions to provide highly purified, potentially active, recombinant proteins, or protein complexes, after a single purification step. … The Strep•Tag® system is based on the reliable biotin/streptavidin binding specificity.
Can you freeze protein in imidazole?
Get rid of the imidazole. That one is a killer for freeze thaw. (Dialysis or buffer exchange) Also do as Sebastian suggests and flash freeze your protein. If you dont need all of it at once, you can freeze it as pellets by slowly dropping it into liquid N2.
What is a recombinant human protein?
What are recombinant proteins? Recombinant proteins are proteins encoded by recombinant DNA that has been cloned in an expression vector that supports expression of the gene and translation of messenger RNA. Modification of the gene by recombinant DNA technology can lead to expression of a mutant protein.
Does imidazole raise pH?
Adding imidazole to your buffer, will change the pH of the solution. Double check the pH of the solution after adding imidazole. If there is a high level of contaminant, the imidazole in the equilibration buffer can be increased to 50 – 75 mM.
Graduated from ENSAT (national agronomic school of Toulouse) in plant sciences in 2018, I pursued a CIFRE doctorate under contract with Sun’Agri and INRAE in Avignon between 2019 and 2022. My thesis aimed to study dynamic agrivoltaic systems, in my case in arboriculture. I love to write and share science related Stuff Here on my Website. I am currently continuing at Sun’Agri as an R&D engineer.