When is an arterial puncture performed?

INDICATIONS. Arterial puncture is performed for limited sampling and is a routine procedure in the management of critically ill and injured children.

What area of the body is arterial puncture performed?

The radial artery is the preferred site for arterial puncture and cannulation. One reason is the comparative ease of identifying the anatomical location of this artery. A second reason is the collateral nature of the arterial blood supply to the hand provided by the radial and ulnar arteries.

How is an arterial puncture treated?

Elevation – if possible, raise your arm above the level of your heart when at rest. If you require pain relief take paracetamol (according to manufacturer’s instructions) but avoid aspirin and ibuprofen for the first 24 hours. After 36 hours contrast bathing may help reduce any swelling.

What are the indications for arterial puncture?

Indications

• Respiratory failure – in acute and chronic states.
• Any severe illness which may lead to a metabolic acidosis – for example: Cardiac failure. Liver failure. Renal failure. …
• Ventilated patients.
• Sleep studies.
• Severely unwell patients from any cause – affects prognosis.

What happens if an artery is punctured?

A penetrating injury can occur when a blood vessel is punctured, torn or severed. Either type of vascular trauma can cause the blood vessel to clot (thrombosis) and interrupt blood flow to an organ or extremity, or cause bleeding which can lead to life-threatening hemorrhage.

What to do if you puncture an artery instead of a vein?

What to do if you hit an artery

1. Give up trying to inject on this occasion. Don’t try to go to a different injection site. …
2. Remove the needle from the injection site.
3. If possible, you or a friend apply pressure to the site and try to elevate the wound if possible.
4. Always seek medical help.

Why is arterial puncture performed?

PURPOSE: Arterial puncture is performed to obtain a sample of blood for arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. An ABG analysis measures the pH and the partial pres- sure of oxygen and carbon dioxide. ABG samples are also analyzed for oxygen saturation and for bicarbon- ate values.

What equipment is needed for an arterial puncture?

Equipment includes: Gloves. Heparinized arterial blood gas syringe kit. Alcohol swabs.

What is the first choice and most commonly used site for arterial puncture?

The first choice is the radial artery, which is located on the thumb side of the wrist; because of its small size, use of this artery requires extensive skill in arterial blood sampling.

Can you draw blood from artery?

Blood is usually drawn from an artery in the wrist. It may also be drawn from an artery on the inside of the elbow, groin, or other site. If blood is drawn from the wrist, the health care provider will usually first check the pulse.

What are the contraindications for arterial puncture?

Contraindications to arterial line insertion

• Absence of collateral circulation (eg. …
• Local infection.
• Distorted anatomy (eg, previous surgical interventions, congenital malformations)
• Active Raynauds Disease.
• Thromboangitis obliterans (Buerger disease)
• Burns.
• Aneurysm.
• Stent or synthetic vascular graft.

Is arterial puncture painful?

Arterial punctures for arterial blood gases (ABGs) analysis are described as the most painful laboratory procedure and are performed without the benefit of pain management.

What is normal ABG?

According to the National Institute of Health, typical normal values are: pH: 7.35-7.45. Partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2): 75 to 100 mmHg. Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2): 35-45 mmHg.

Why would you draw ABG?

An arterial blood gases (ABG) test measures the acidity (pH) and the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood from an artery. This test is used to find out how well your lungs are able to move oxygen into the blood and remove carbon dioxide from the blood.

What conditions of the patient should ABG be requested?

Here are some of the more common reasons an ABG is ordered:

• You’re often short of breath.
• You’re unusually tired.
• You feel confused or disoriented.
• You have chronic vomiting or nausea.
• You are in shock.
• You have a smoke-inhalation injury.
• You have carbon monoxide poisoning.
• You have burns in your airways.

What color is blood from an artery?

But our blood is red. It’s bright red when the arteries carry it in its oxygen-rich state throughout the body. And it’s still red, but darker now, when it rushes home to the heart through the veins.

What happens if you start an IV in an artery?

Complications of entering the artery with a large cannula intended for venous cannulation can result in complications such as temporary occlusion, pseudoaneurysm and haematoma formation. [6] Unrecognized arterial injection of anaesthetic drugs can cause tissue ischaemia and necrosis.

Can an artery repair itself?

The treatments most appropriate for you will depend on your condition, including the size and location of the tear in the artery, as well as any signs or symptoms you’re experiencing. Whenever possible, doctors allow the damaged artery to heal on its own, rather than repairing it using invasive procedures.

How do you know if IV is in artery?

Specific signs of IA cannulation include pulsatile movement of blood in the IV line, intense pain or burning at the site of injection, blood that is bright-red in appearance and cannulation in an area where an artery is in close proximity to a vein.

How long does a punctured artery take to heal?

When the period of survival after arterial puncture is as long as three weeks, the fibrin plug is found to have been replaaed by a newly formed fibrous-tissue scar. The word organisation is used here to imply this replacement of the fibrin by scar tissue.

What artery is used for arterial puncture in infants?

In the neonate, arterial punctures done by the department of Respiratory Care Services should generally be limited to the radial artery. the policy authorizing arterial puncture, may do arterial punctures. The arterial puncture will be done at the request of the physician.

How do you stop arterial bleeding?

To treat arterial bleeding, apply direct pressure. If the patient is able, ask them to hold a thick pad or dressing in place while you secure it with roller gauze. Do not lift the dressing to see if the bleeding has stopped.

Which artery is easiest to compress after puncture?

THE BRACHIAL APPROACH Therefore, brachial puncture and postprocedure compression are easier, and should one occur, a hematoma will be recognized earlier and therefore be less likely to compress the nerves. As described previously, there are also fewer nerves surrounding the brachial artery than the axillary artery.

What is the most important step in phlebotomy?

Venipuncture is the process of collecting or “draw- ing” blood from a vein and the most common way to collect blood specimens for laboratory testing. It is the most frequent procedure performed by a phle- botomist and the most important step in this proce- dure is patient identification.

Where can you draw ABG from?

Taking an arterial blood gas (ABG) involves using a needle and syringe to directly sample blood from an artery (typically the radial artery).

Is a tourniquet used in an arterial puncture?

A tourniquet is used to increase venous filling and makes the veins more prominent and easier to enter. Never leave the tourniquet on for longer than one (1) minute. To do so may result in either hemoconcentration or a variation in blood test values.

How can you tell ABG from VBG?

As discussed earlier, a VBG gives you the same information as an ABG. However, this information is going to be different since it’s obtained from the venous as opposed to the arterial side. The most obvious difference will be in PO2 which, of course, will be markedly lower in the venous side than in the arterial side.

How do you collect ABG from arterial line?