How can you tell the difference between 3T3 and L1 cells?

Differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells into adipocyte-like cells

1. Seed cells in a six-well plate at a density of 3×10³ cells per cm².
2. Grow cells in DMEM until a confluency of 70% is reached, changing the medium every 2–3 days. …
3. To initiate differentiation, remove DMEM and add 2–3 mL MDI induction medium per well (Day 0).

What is 3T3-L1 cells?

3T3-L1 is a cell line derived from (mouse) 3T3 cells that is used in biological research on adipose tissue. 3T3-L1 cells have a fibroblast-like morphology, but, under appropriate conditions, the cells differentiate into an adipocyte-like phenotype.

What are 3T3-L1 preadipocytes?

3T3-L1 preadipocytes is the source of mouse embryos, having the morphology of fibroblast cells and the ability to differentiate into mature adipocytes under the stimulation of classic hormonal cocktails, including insulin, dexamethasone, and 3-isobutyl-1-methyl xanthine.

What is adipogenic differentiation?

Adipogenesis is a tightly regulated cellular differentiation process, in which mesenchymal stem cells committing to preadipocytes and preadipocytes differentiating into adipocytes.

What are the functions of fibroblasts?

The primary function of fibroblasts is the maintenance of structural integrity within the connective tissue. They achieve this by secreting extracellular matrix precursors required for formation of the connective tissue and various fibres.

What is a Preadipocyte?

Preadipocyte/Adipocyte Cell Culture System. Adipose tissue is essential for energy storage and metabolic homeostasis of the body. Human White Preadipocytes (HWP) are self-renewing progenitors of mature differentiated adipocytes and can be found as a constitutive subpopulation in adipose tissue in adults.

What is Adipose?

Adipose tissue is commonly known as body fat. It is found all over the body. It can be found under the skin (subcutaneous fat), packed around internal organs (visceral fat), between muscles, within bone marrow and in breast tissue.

What is a cell line in cell culture?

Cell line is a general term that applies to a defined population of cells that can be maintained in culture for an extended period of time, retaining stability of certain phenotypes and functions. Cell lines are usually clonal, meaning that the entire population originated from a single common ancestor cell.

What are adipogenic genes?

Adipogenesis is a tightly regulated cellular differentiation process that requires the sequential activation of numerous transcription factors, including the CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) gene family and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ).

What triggers Adipogenesis?

De novo adipogenesis is needed when adipocytes reach the upper volume limit, and new cells are therefore required to increase the storage capacity (hyperplasia). This kind of adipocytes activates genes and proteins (PPARγ, C/EBPα, SREBP1c, fatty acid synthase (FAS)) to promote adipogenesis [5].

What is osteogenic differentiation?

Osteogenic Differentiation of Human/Mouse Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are functionally defined by their capacity to self renew and their ability to differentiate into multiple cell types including adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes.

Do fibroblasts differentiate?

In addition to differentiation into chondrocytic tissues, other studies have shown that fibroblasts are capable of differentiating into other types of cells.

Are fibroblasts terminally differentiated?

Dermal fibroblasts are the major cell type in dermis and are commonly accepted as terminally differentiated cells. … Furthermore, one of the three tri-potent clones exhibited neurogenic and hepatogenic differentiation potential.

What causes fibroblast differentiation?

Fibroblasts are mesenchymal cells derived from the embryonic mesoderm tissue, and they are not terminally differentiated. They can be activated by a variety of chemical signals that promote proliferation and cellular differentiation to form myofibroblasts with an up-regulated rate of matrix production.

What do preadipocytes differentiate?

The 3T3-L1 preadipocytes differentiated toward mature adipocytes when cultured with insulin and dexamethasone (differentiation medium) during the first two days and with insulin alone (maintenance medium) during the following six days.

What is adipose hypertrophy?

Introduction. Obesity is an enlargement of adipose tissue to store excess energy intake. Hyperplasia (cell number increase) and hypertrophy (cell size increase) are two possible growth mechanisms. Adipose tissue obesity phenotypes are influenced by diet and genetics, as well as by their interaction [1]–[4].

How do you say Adipogenesis?

Is adipose connective?

adipose tissue, or fatty tissue, connective tissue consisting mainly of fat cells (adipose cells, or adipocytes), specialized to synthesize and contain large globules of fat, within a structural network of fibres.

How do you lose ectopic fat?

A healthy lifestyle is the most appropriate therapy. In obese and T2D patients, caloric restriction, either after bariatric surgery or very low-calorie diet, has been found effective in reducing the amount of ectopic fat, mainly in liver and pancreas, and in improving fasting and postprandial hyperglycemia [3.

Do fat cells release hormones?

While these cells are optimized for storing energy in the form of triglycerides, they also store proteins, vitamins, toxins, and regulatory hormones. Additionally, fat cells can secrete hormones and key signaling molecules to regulate metabolism, giving them an endocrine function that was not always apparent¹.

How do I choose a cell line?

The Do’s and Dont’s of Choosing a Cell Line

1. Don’t Choose Simply Because It Is Used in the Literature. …
2. Do Consider If It Fits Your Biological Model. …
3. Do Consider the Experiments You Want to Perform. …
4. Table 1: Features of commonly used cell lines. …
5. Don’t Assume That All Cell Lines Have the Same Culturing Requirements.

What is secondary cell line?

Secondary cell culture refers to cell lines that have been immortalized, usually by overexpressing an enzyme called human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), and can divide indefinitely. Many tissue types are not amenable to immortalisation, so primary cell culture may be the only option in some circumstances.

What is the difference between cell line and cell strain?

Using this nomenclature system, a continuous cell line is a population of cells that has undergone a genetic transformation, resulting in indefinite growth potential. … A cell strain is a subpopulation of a cell line that has been positively selected from the culture, by cloning or some other method.

Can adipocytes migrate?

Adipogenesis is a developmental process in which an elongated preadipocyte differentiates to a round adipocyte along with the accumulation of lipid droplets. … Furthermore, we found that preadipocytes tend to migrate to farther distances, while mature adipocytes remain relatively close to their original location.

Are Adipokines proteins?

Adipokines are bioactive peptides and proteins produced by the adipose tissue, including leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and some cytokines (e.g., TNF-α and IL-6).

What is stromal vascular fraction?

Stromal Vascular Fraction (SVF) is a heterogeneous collection of cells contained within adipose tissue that is traditionally isolated using enzymes such as collagenase.