Le Chatelier’s Principle can be exploited to push the reaction toward the product side. … In this synthesis of benzocaine, by using microwave heating, we will be able to successfully complete the actual reaction of benzocaine in just a couple of minutes.
Why is absolute ethanol used in the synthesis of benzocaine?
Benzocaine is soluble in Ethanol, Methanol and Diethyl Ether. But it is not very soluble in water. Having water in the solution would decrease the solubility and would create a lot of hassle later. … Using 95 % ethanol would reduce the yield of benzocaine.
How is Novocaine synthesized?
Procaine, the 2-diethylaminoethyl ester of 4-aminobenzoic acid (2.1. 1), better known as novocaine, is synthesized in two ways. The first way consists of the direct reaction of the 4-aminobenzoic acid ethyl ester with 2-diethylaminoethanol in the presence of sodium ethoxide.
What is the theoretical yield of benzocaine in this experiment?
The theoretical yield of benzocaine was 3.6135grams and the mass obtained in the experiment was 2.28grams, giving a percentage yield of 63 %. This is a high percentage yield, representing a productive synthesis.
Why does benzocaine precipitate during neutralization?
Explain why benzocaine precipitates during the neutralization. With the addition of an acid, the amine group on the benzocaine will become protonated. The protonation creates a positive charge on the benzocaine molecule. … Thus, the benzocaine will no longer be soluble and will precipitate during neutralization.
What are the reagents and procedure to prepare benzocaine?
Synthesis of benzocaine: Into a 100 ml flask, mix 1.25 g of p-aminobenzoic acid hydrochloride, 10 ml of EtOH, and 0.5 ml H2SO4 (conc.). Heat the mixture at reflux for 2 h. After cooling the mixture, neutralize with an aqueous sodium carbonate solution (10%).
What is 95% ethanol used for?
1.4. Ethanol obtained from distillation contains about 95% ethanol, which is usually enough for applications in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, solvent, and chemical industries. Distillation is not able to provide a higher concentration of ethanol due to its azeotrope point with water.
How do you purify benzocaine?
Purifying the Benzocaine. a) Add a few mL of hot ethanol and heat the mixture on the steam bath until all the oil dissolves. b) Add water (drop wise!) to the alcohol solution until cloudiness just appears and then add a few drops of ethanol. Cool the mixture, with occasional VIGOROUS swirling, in an ice bath.
What reagents would be used in the synthesis of benzocaine?
Benzocaine is structurally analogous to Cocaine, Lidocaine, and Novocaine (shown below) and is prepared by the esterification of p-aminobenzoic acid with ethanol.
Is it legal to buy Novocaine?
In fact, novocaine is usually sold only to licensed dental and medical professionals.
Does procaine get you high?
Unlike cocaine, a vasoconstrictor, procaine does not have the euphoric and addictive qualities that put it at risk for abuse.
Do dentists still use Novocaine?
Dentists no longer use Novocaine to numb patients, but rather products like Lidocaine and Septocaine. Novocaine is no longer used due to the increased time it takes to work, how long it is effective and its chances of causing allergic reactions.
What is the pKa of benzocaine?
Benzocaine is a unique local anesthetic because it does notcontain a tertiary amine. The pKa of the aromatic amine is 3.5ensuring that benzocaine is uncharged at physiological pH.
What is the empirical formula for benzocaine?
Identification of Benzocaine Chemical Compound
| Chemical Formula | C9H11NO2 |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | ethyl 4-aminobenzoate |
| SMILES String | CCOC(=O)c1ccc(N)cc1 |
| InChI | InChI=1S/C9H11NO2/c1-2-12-9(11)7-3-5-8(10)6-4-7/h3-6H,2,10H2,1H3 |
| InChIKey | BLFLLBZGZJTVJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Why does p-aminobenzoic acid precipitate when h2so4 is added?
Why does P aminobenzoic acid precipitate when h2so4 is added? Addition of sulfuric acid causes the protonation of the amino and alcohol groups of p-aminobenzoic acid, and eventually the carbonyl group. In ethanol, this very positive molecule is no longer soluble in ethanol, a relatively non-polar solvent.
What is the gas that is evolved during the neutralization?
The reaction medium contains sulfuric acid and it was neutralized with sodium bicarbonate. Thus the gas evolved during the reaction between the acid and base is carbon dioxide (CO2).
What is benzocaine used for?
Benzocaine is a topical anesthetic contained in some marketed over-the-counter (OTC) oral drug products intended to relieve pain from a variety of conditions such as sore throats, canker sores, and irritation of the mouth and gums.
Is benzocaine an acid or base?
Benzocaine is a benzoate ester having 4-aminobenzoic acid as the acid component and ethanol as the alcohol component.
How do you recrystallize Benzocaine?
Purifying the Benzocaine. The product will be recrystallized using ethanol and water as solvent pairs (similiar to exp. 3). a) Add a few mL of hot ethanol and heat the mixture on the steam bath until all the oil dissolves.
How do you make 70% ethanol from 100%?
Example 2: If one wished to make a 70% ethanol solution, 70 ml of 100% ethanol would be dissolved in 30 ml of water (or the equivalent for whatever volume was needed).
What is 95 ethanol called?
30 ml bottle of 95% ethyl alcohol, also known as denatured ethanol or grain alcohol.
Why is ethanol 70%?
70% isopropyl alcohol kills organisms by denaturing their proteins and dissolving their lipids and is effective against most bacteria, fungi and many viruses, but is ineffective against bacterial spores (CDC, 2020).
Is benzocaine an antiseptic?
The results indicated that two dental liquid topical anesthetics containing lidocaine or benzocaine possessed considerable antimicrobial activity to selected oral microorganisms.
Where is benzocaine metabolized?
Benzocaine is metabolized into at least three compounds by acetylation and hydrolysis. Benzocaine and its acetylated metabolite are rapidly eliminated across the gills while the more polar de-ethylated and de-ethylated-acetylated metabolites are excreted at slower rates primarily in the urine.
Is benzocaine soluble in water?
Benzocaine occurs in two forms: a crystalline salt (benzocaine HCl) that is soluble in water at 0.4 g/L, and a nonwater-soluble basic form that must be dissolved in ethyl alcohol at a concentration of 0.2 g/ml before it is sufficiently soluble in water to create a functional induction dose.
What’s better benzocaine or lidocaine?
Lidocaine and benzocaine were equally efficient, and both were better than placebo in reducing pain caused by insertion of needles into the palate.
What is the conjugate acid of benzocaine?
(2) Look up the structures and melting points of the three compounds you will be separating in the second part. The pKa of benzoic acid is 4.2; the pKa of the conjugate acid of benzocaine is 2.5.
What is the RF value of benzocaine?
.35 Additionally, the known IR data for Benzocaine looks very similar to the IR spectrum obtained in the experiment. TLC spotting of the crude solid and the starting material (PABA) was done, as well as a co-spot of both. Results showed an RF value of .35 for the crude product, and RF value of .
Graduated from ENSAT (national agronomic school of Toulouse) in plant sciences in 2018, I pursued a CIFRE doctorate under contract with Sun’Agri and INRAE in Avignon between 2019 and 2022. My thesis aimed to study dynamic agrivoltaic systems, in my case in arboriculture. I love to write and share science related Stuff Here on my Website. I am currently continuing at Sun’Agri as an R&D engineer.