Is high annular velocity detrimental?

Annular velocity is the speed of fluid moving up the annulus and it must be high enough to transport cuttings generated while drilling from the wellbore. However, if the annular velocity is too high, it can create hole wash out and excessive equivalent circulating density.

What is cutting slip velocity?

Cutting slip velocity is velocity of cutting that naturally falls down due to its density. In order to effectively clean the hole, effect of mud flow upward direction and mud properties must be greater than cutting slip velocity (settling tendency of cuttings). Otherwise, cutting will fall down and create cutting bed.

How do you calculate the velocity of a hole?

In English, that’s 183.4 times the cubic feet per minute divided by hole size in inches squared minus drill pipe diameter in inches squared.

What is GPM in drilling?

POgpm = pump output in gpm (gallons per minute) 1 gallon = 0.0238095238 barrels. ID2 = inside diameter of the wellbore or casing, squared. OD2 = outside diameter of the drill pipe or tubing, squared. … Pump Output = Refers to the measurement of the quantity of a fluid (to put that fluid in motion).

What is hole cleaning in drilling?

PetroWiki. Hole cleaning is the ability of a drilling fluid to transport and suspend drilled cuttings.

How many types of pipes are stuck?

There are two main types of sticking mechanisms: differential pipe sticking and mechanical pipe sticking.

How do you calculate air duct volume?

By multiplying air velocity by the cross section area of a duct, you can determine the air volume flowing past a point in the duct per unit of time. Volume flow is usually measured in Cubic Feet per Minute (CFM).

What is the formula of average?

Average, which is the arithmetic mean, and is calculated by adding a group of numbers and then dividing by the count of those numbers. For example, the average of 2, 3, 3, 5, 7, and 10 is 30 divided by 6, which is 5.

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What is weight on bit in drilling?

Weight on the Bit, or WOB, is the amount of downward force exerted on the drill bit provided by thick-walled tubular pieces in the drilling assembly that are known as drill collars. … The weight of the drilling assembly is controlled and measured while the drill bit is just off the bottom of the wellbore.

What determines the minimum flow rate of mud?

Plastic viscosity and yield point are the two parameters used to describe the rheological characteristics of Bingham plastic fluids. The minimum required mud flow rate from the mud pump is equal to the minimum required mud velocity times the maximum possible cross-sectional area of annular space during drilling.

How does 1029.4 come from?

ID, OD are in inch. Annular capacity and internal capacity are in bbl/ft. As you can see, 1029.4 is the unit conversion used to convert square inch into bbl/ft.

What is a stack pipe?

What Is Stack Pipe? A “stack” is described as the vertical section of a plumbing drainage system of soil, waste or vent piping rising through one or more stories of a building. The stack is the largest vertical pipe into which all the horizontal pipes either drain or vent.

What is key seating in drilling?

1. n. [Drilling] A small-diameter channel worn into the side of a larger diameter wellbore. This can be the result of a sharp change in direction of the wellbore (a dogleg), or if a hard formation ledge is left between softer formations that enlarge over time.

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What is differential stuck pipe?

A situation in which the drilling assembly (pipe, drill collars and bottomhole assembly) is stuck in filter cake that was previously deposited on a permeable zone. The pipe is held in the cake by a difference in pressures between the hydrostatic pressure of the mud and the pore pressure in the permeable zone.

How do you measure air duct velocity?

Traverse the Airflow in the Exhaust Duct An anemometer, a test instrument that measures air velocity is used to determine the average air speed in the duct. Then the average feet per minute is multiplied by the area of the duct in square feet to determine the airflow moving through the duct.

What CFM means?

per minute The blower in a range hood is sized, or rated, by CFM … the cubic feet of air moved per minute. It is important to correctly size a range hood based on your stove, room size, and ductwork.

What is LS in airflow?

Useful Conversions

Volume Flow Rate
1 l/s = 3.60 m3/h = 0.06m3/min
1 m3/h = 0.5886 cfm = 0.00028 m3/s
1 cfm = 0.0283 m3/min = 0.4719 l/s
1 m3/min = 0.01667 m3/s = 60 m3/h

What is median Excel?

The MEDIAN Function is categorized under Excel Statistical functions. … Median can be defined as the middle number of a group of numbers. That is, half the numbers return values that are greater than the median, and half the numbers return values that are less than the median.

What is count excel?

The COUNT function counts the number of cells that contain numbers, and counts numbers within the list of arguments. … For example, you can enter the following formula to count the numbers in the range A1:A20: =COUNT(A1:A20). In this example, if five of the cells in the range contain numbers, the result is 5.

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What are averages in maths?

A measure of average is a value that is typical for a set of figures. Finding the average helps you to draw conclusions from data. The main types are mean, median and mode. Data is also often grouped. Maths.

Can a drill collar buckle?

There is little chance of buckling causing a blowout. In such cases you would probably have to buckle a casing pipe without knowing it, causing a leak in the collars. Serious buckling does not happen often.

What does ROP stand for in drilling?

The Rate of penetration, abbreviated as ROP as used in the drilling industry, is the speed at which a drill bit breaks the rock under it to deepen the borehole. It is normally measured in feet per minute or meters per hour, but sometimes it is expressed in minutes per foot.

What is buoyancy factor?

Buoyancy Factor is the factor that is used to compensate loss of weight due to immersion in drilling fluid. … Buoyancy is the upward force that keeps things afloat. The net upward buoyancy force equals to the amount of the weight of fluid displaced by the body volume.