There are three wild types of poliovirus (WPV) – type 1, type 2, and type 3. People need to be protected against all three types of the virus in order to prevent polio disease and the polio vaccination is the best protection.
Does polio affect cranial nerves?
Paralytic poliomyelitis may present with spinal cord symptoms, brain stem symptoms (bulbar) or both. Only 10%-15% of paralytic polio is bulbar, with the reticular formation most severely affected. Cranial nerve involvement is common, with cranial nerves VII, IX, and X most often involved.
What is the incubation period for bulbar poliomyelitis?
The incubation period for nonparalytic poliomyelitis is 3 to 6 days. For the onset of paralysis in paralytic poliomyelitis, the incubation period is usually 7 to 21 days. The risk of severe disease and death following primary infection with poliovirus increases with increasing age.
What is the life expectancy of someone with polio?
Between 5% and 10% of people who develop paralytic polio will die. Physical symptoms may emerge 15 years or more after the first polio infection.
What country did polio come from?
The first epidemics appeared in the form of outbreaks of at least 14 cases near Oslo, Norway, in 1868 and of 13 cases in northern Sweden in 1881. About the same time the idea began to be suggested that the hitherto sporadic cases of infantile paralysis might be contagious.
Does polio still exist?
Wild poliovirus has been eradicated in all continents except Asia, and as of 2020, Afghanistan and Pakistan are the only two countries where the disease is still classified as endemic. … 2016.
| Country | Afghanistan |
|---|---|
| Wild cases | 13 |
| Circulating vaccine- derived cases | 0 |
| Transmission status | endemic |
| Type(s) | WPV1 |
What type of doctor treats post-polio syndrome?
Neurologists are physicians who diagnose and treat disorders of the nervous system. They address diseases of the spinal cord, nerves, and muscles that affect the operation of the nervous system.
What does polio do to the diaphragm?
The diaphragm is the key muscle for inspiration (breathing in). When it is weakened by polio, the work of breathing becomes harder, especially when a person is lying down.
Can polio come back in old age?
One possibility is that the polio virus becomes active again after decades of lying dormant in the victim’s cells. Another possibility involves impaired production of hormones and neurotransmitters in brain.
Can you be immune to polio?
In the U.S., adults aren’t routinely vaccinated against polio because most are already immune, and the chances of contracting polio are minimal.
Can you be asymptomatic with polio?
It’s estimated that 95 to 99 percent of people who contract poliovirus are asymptomatic. This is known as subclinical polio. Even without symptoms, people infected with poliovirus can still spread the virus and cause infection in others.
How does the immune system react to polio?
When poliovirus encounters the nerve cells, the protruding receptors attach to the virus particle, and infection begins. Once inside the cell, the virus hijacks the cell’s assembly process, and makes thousands of copies of itself in hours. The virus kills the cell and then spreads to infect other cells.
Can you get polio twice?
There are three types of polio virus. Lifelong immunity usually depends on which type of virus a person contracts. Second attacks are rare and result from infection with a polio virus of a different type than the first attack.
Is post-polio syndrome painful?
Muscle and joint pain are also common in post-polio syndrome. Muscle pain is usually felt as a deep ache in the muscles or muscle cramps and spasms. The pain is often worse after you’ve used the affected muscles. It can be particularly troublesome during the evening after a day’s activities.
Did polio people recover?
People who have milder polio symptoms usually make a full recovery within 1–2 weeks. People whose symptoms are more severe can be weak or paralyzed for life, and some may die. After recovery, a few people might develop post-polio syndrome as long as 30–40 years after their initial illness.
Was polio a man made disease?
The creation of the man-made polio virus came just a month after the World Health Organization had declared polio eradicated from Europe and projected total eradication of the disease by 2005. Last year, only 480 cases were reported in the world.
Why did polio vaccine leave a scar?
Why did scarring occur? Scars like the smallpox vaccine scar form due to the body’s natural healing process. When the skin is injured (like it is with the smallpox vaccine), the body rapidly responds to repair the tissue.
How was the polio vaccine administered in the 60s?
The Salk vaccine was administered in three injections and was aimed at children under the age of 18 as they were the testing group of nearly 500,000 who tested the vaccine. Vaccinations locally were managed by the city and Jefferson County health departments through schools.
Is Guillain Barré syndrome the same as polio?
ANSWER: Guillain (gee-YAWN)-Barre (buh-RAY) syndrome is an illness with a superficial resemblance to polio. It brings on muscle weakness and paralysis. It is not polio, and is not a viral disease.
How many cases of polio are there in 2020?
In 2020, 140 cases of WPV1 were reported, including 56 in Afghanistan (a 93% increase from 29 cases in 2019) and 84 in Pakistan (a 43% decrease from 147 cases in 2019).
What countries still have polio 2021?
Polio is still endemic in three countries, i.e., Pakistan, Nigeria and Afghanistan and is eradicated from the rest of the world.
Is post-polio syndrome an autoimmune disease?
An inflammatory or autoimmune basis to post-polio syndrome has also been proposed. This hypothesis originates from post mortem observations of inflammatory changes in the spinal cord of PPS patients (35, 36). The role of inflammation is also supported by in vivo evidence.
Which signs are indicative of post-polio syndrome?
In general, symptoms of PPS may include:
- Progressive weakness (common)
- Tiredness (fatigue) (common)
- Pain in the muscles and joints (common)
- Muscle shrinkage.
- Trouble swallowing.
- Breathing problems.
- Sleep disorders.
- Sensitivity to cold temperatures.
Is post-polio syndrome progressive?
It shares many features with chronic fatigue syndrome, but unlike that disorder it tends to be progressive and can cause loss of muscle strength.
Is post polio syndrome fatal?
Post-polio syndrome is rarely life-threatening, but severe muscle weakness can lead to complications: Falls.
Does polio affect the heart?
patients with post-polio syndrome Neuromuscular diseases (NMDs) can affect anyone at any time. They cause muscle weakness that can affect the heart, breathing, coughing, swallowing, speech, and limbs muscles, all of which cause disability and compromise the quality of life.
Is polio a disability?
Paralysis is the most severe symptom associated with polio, because it can lead to permanent disability and death. Between 2 and 10 out of 100 people who have paralysis from poliovirus infection die, because the virus affects the muscles that help them breathe.
Is there any relationship between polio and Parkinson’s disease?
A new study of more than 5,400 Danish polio patients throughout the last century has found that people with the crippling virus were roughly twice as likely as those without the infection to develop Parkinson’s disease over time.
What is PPS disease?
Post-polio syndrome (PPS) is a condition that can affect polio survivors decades after they recover from their initial poliovirus infection. Unlike poliovirus, PPS is not contagious.
Graduated from ENSAT (national agronomic school of Toulouse) in plant sciences in 2018, I pursued a CIFRE doctorate under contract with Sun’Agri and INRAE in Avignon between 2019 and 2022. My thesis aimed to study dynamic agrivoltaic systems, in my case in arboriculture. I love to write and share science related Stuff Here on my Website. I am currently continuing at Sun’Agri as an R&D engineer.