What causes gutter fracture?

Gutter Fracture: they are formed when part of the thickness of bone is removed so as to form a gutter. E.g. In oblique bullet wounds.

What is Pond fracture?

A ping-pong ball fracture or pond fracture is inward buckling of the calvarium and occurs in neonates and young children due to direct blunt trauma to the skull. It is primarily due to increased plasticity of the immature skeleton in young children.

What is the most common type of skull fracture?

Linear skull fractures. This is the most common type of skull fracture. In a linear fracture, there is a break in the bone, but it does not move the bone.

What is fracture Ala signature?

Fracture-a-la-signature (or signature fracture) is another term used to described a depressed skull fracture. Fracture-a-la-signature derives its name from forensic medicine because the size and shape of a depressed skull fracture may give information on the type of weapon used.

What is Puppes rule?

Puppe’s rule applies when two blunt force injuries with intersecting fractures are visible. It states that the fractures from the first injury develop normally, while those caused by the subsequent injury are stopped where the structure of the skull has already been deployed.

What is Coup and Contre injury?

A coup injury refers to the brain damage that occurs directly under the point of impact. In contrast, a contrecoup injury occurs on the opposite side of the brain from where the head is struck.

What is tripod fracture?

The zygomaticomaxillary complex fracture, also known as a quadripod fracture, quadramalar fracture, and formerly referred to as a tripod fracture or trimalar fracture, has four components, three of which are directly related to connections between the zygoma and the face, and the fourth being an orbital blowout.

Is Craniotabes normal?

Craniotabes can be a normal finding in infants, particularly premature infants. It may occur in up to one third of all newborn infants. Craniotabes is harmless in the newborn, unless it is associated with other problems.

What Causes Pond fracture?

Depressed skull fracture, also referred to as a ping-pong ball or pond fracture in neonates, is a common sign of traumatic brain injury in paediatric patients. The main causes of depressed skull fractures include labour and obstetric trauma in newborns and direct head trauma in older children.

What is the most serious problem associated with skull fractures?

A skull fracture is a head injury where there is a break in the skull bone. While mild breaks can cause few problems and heal over time, severe breaks can lead to complications including bleeding, brain damage, leaking of cerebrospinal fluid, infection and seizures.

How do doctors fix a fractured skull?

Treating skull fractures If you have a severe or depressed fracture, surgery may be needed to help prevent brain damage. This will usually be carried out under general anaesthetic. During surgery, any pieces of bone that have been pressed inwards can be removed and returned to their correct position.

What type of doctor treats skull fractures?

Once neurosurgeons are confident that the brain is stabilized, they’ll move forward treating the cranial fracture. … Some common symptoms of a skull fracture include:

What is a community fracture?

A comminuted fracture is a break or splinter of the bone into more than two fragments. Since considerable force and energy is required to fragment bone, fractures of this degree occur after high-impact trauma such as in vehicular accidents.

What is bucket handle fracture?

Metaphyseal fractures are also known as corner fractures, bucket handle fractures or metaphyseal lesions. It refers to an injury to the metaphysis which is the growing plate at each end of a long bone (such as tibia, femur, etc).

What is motorcyclist fracture?

4) ‘Hinge’ fracture (Motorcyclist fracture) occur when the linear fracture passes across the middle cranial fossa, separating the skull base into 2 halves, and may be caused by a heavy blow to the side of the head (e.g. in motorcycle accidents).

What is Marshall Triad?

Login to View the image. 18 Answers. New case. 32 yr , M, presented with injury over the face with nasal bleed.While driving the 2 wheeler , collided with the rear of the lorry & fell down . Confused, moving yhe limbs , multiple injuries face , laceration upper eyelid lt side& multiple aberrations in the body .

What are regional injuries?

Figure 3. The ilioinguinal type (type II). The damaged area includes the ilioinguinal region, the lower abdomen, and the acetabular anterior 1/2 portion. These cases are type II ilioinguinal type, with severe injuries to the ilioinguinal region and the lower abdomen.

What is Contre injury?

The classic contrecoup injury involves a contusion opposite to the actual site of impact to the head. Contrecoup injury is a focal phenomenon and is unlike diffuse axonal injury or brain edema, which are diffuse and also result from trauma.

What is a coup head injury?

A bruise directly related to trauma at the site of impact is called a coup lesion (pronounced COO). As the brain jolts backward, it can hit the skull on the opposite side and cause a bruise called a contrecoup lesion.

How do you treat a coup Contrecoup?

Other treatments a medical professional may prescribe in dealing with coup contrecoup symptoms include: Physical therapy. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)Cognitive retraining.

What is a ZMC fracture?

The term ZMC fracture describes a spectrum of injuries that includes nondisplaced fractures, fractures displaced at an isolated buttress, and severely comminuted fractures with bone loss. Information about the degree and severity of the overall injury can be extrapolated from the location of the fractures.

What is zygoma bone?

The zygomatic bone (or zygoma) is a paired, irregular bone that defines the anterior and lateral portions of the face. The zygomatic complex is involved in the protection of the contents of the orbit and the contour of the face and cheeks.[1]

What is Gillies approach?

Temporal (Gillies) approach – Skin incision The Gillies technique describes a temporal incision (2 cm in length), made 2.5 cm superior and anterior to the helix, within the hairline. A temporal incision is made. Care is taken to avoid the superficial temporal artery.

How do I know if I have Craniotabes?

Craniotabes is softening or thinning of the skull in infants and children, which may be normally present in newborns. It is seen mostly in the occipital and parietal bones. The bones are soft, and when pressure is applied they will collapse underneath it. …

Craniotabes
Specialty Pediatrics

Is Craniotabes permanent?

Craniotabes may lead to permanent posterior flattening or lateral and asymmetrical deformities of the skull, due to pressure of the head against the supporting surface in the prone position.

Is Craniotabes seen in rickets?

Craniotabes is a softening of skull bones that is known to be associated with a variety of pathological conditions, including rickets, hypervitaminosis A, osteogenesis imperfecta, hydrocephalus, or congenital syphilis.

What are the signs and symptoms of a skull fracture?

Symptoms of a skull fracture include:

Do spiral fractures require surgery?

Most spiral fractures require surgery and general anesthesia. Less severe cases, where the bone is not fully separated, may be operated on using local anesthesia. If the two ends of the bone are separated then an open reduction surgery will be necessary.

Which nerve is affected in Colles fracture?

Compressive neuropathy is one of the most important complications of Colles’ fractures and usually involves the median nerve.