What does interstitial growth mean?

Interstitial growth is the process that adds or removes solid mass at locations inside a solid material. For this process to occur, there must be interstitial space within this material to allow atoms or molecules to bind to the underlying substrate.

What grows by interstitial and appositional growth?

Activity in the epiphyseal plate enables bones to grow in length (this is interstitial growth). Appositional growth allows bones to grow in diameter. Remodeling occurs as bone is resorbed and replaced by new bone.

What is Appositional growth in cartilage?

Appositional growth occurs when chondroblasts secrete new matrix along existing surfaces and this causes the cartilage to expand and widen. In interstitial growth, chondrocytes secrete new matrix within the cartilage and this causes it to grow in length.

What does Appositional growth produce?

During appositional growth, osteoclasts resorb old bone that lines the medullary cavity, while osteoblasts, via intramembranous ossification, produce new bone tissue beneath the periosteum.

What is the perichondrium?

Perichondrium is a type of connective tissue, and also functions in the growth and repair of cartilage. Once vascularized, the perichondrium becomes the periosteum. [

What are the two types of cartilage growth?

Cartilage growth occurs through two different processes: interstitial growth and appositional growth. Interstitial growth occurs within the cartilage through mitotic division of the existing chondrocytes.

What is the relationship between ossification and epiphyseal plate?

The epiphyseal plate is the area of growth in a long bone. It is a layer of hyaline cartilage where ossification occurs in immature bones. On the epiphyseal side of the epiphyseal plate, cartilage is formed. On the diaphyseal side, cartilage is ossified, and the diaphysis grows in length.

Where are the osteocytes?

Between the rings of matrix, the bone cells (osteocytes) are located in spaces called lacunae. Small channels (canaliculi) radiate from the lacunae to the osteonic (haversian) canal to provide passageways through the hard matrix.

What is diametrical growth in bones?

In contrast, describe diametric bone growth. … This unequal process produces thicker, stronger bone, but prevents it from becoming to heavy. 8. Explain the term bone remodeling. Describe several time periods in the human life cycle when remodeling occurs.

How does bone grow and develop interstitial vs Appositional growth?

Interstitial growth produces longer bones as the cartilage lengthens and is replaced by bone tissue, while appositional growth occurs when new bone tissue is deposited on the surface of the bone, resulting in bone thickening. After birth, a person’s bones grow in length and thickness.

What is the function of Chondroblast?

Chondroblasts, located in the perichondrium, are cells that play an important role in the development of cartilage. By producing extracellular matrix, chondroblasts create the main component that provides structure and strength to cartilage.

What is Appositional growth?

Appositional growth is the increase in the diameter of bones by the addition of bony tissue at the surface of bones. Osteoblasts at the bone surface secrete bone matrix, and osteoclasts on the inner surface break down bone. The osteoblasts differentiate into osteocytes.

What is the ossification process?

Bone formation, also called ossification, process by which new bone is produced. … Soon after the osteoid is laid down, inorganic salts are deposited in it to form the hardened material recognized as mineralized bone. The cartilage cells die out and are replaced by osteoblasts clustered in ossification centres.

What is the difference between metaphysis and epiphyseal plate?

The epiphyseal plate is the area of growth in a long bone. It is a layer of hyaline cartilage where ossification occurs in immature bones. … The metaphysis is the wide portion of a long bone between the epiphysis and the narrow diaphysis.

What happens in the zone of ossification?

Zone of ossification: Osteoblasts deposit bone matrix on the exposed plates of calcified cartilage. Zone of resorption: Osteoclasts absorb the oldest ends of the bone spicules. Note the high vascular density in this area: one capillary loop for each chondrocytic column.

What is periosteum and perichondrium?

The perichondrium is a dense layer of fibrous connective tissue that covers many types of cartilage in the body, whereas the periosteum is a thin layer of membranous connective tissue that covers all bones in the body. … The periosteum assists bone growth by facilitating the supply of blood and nutrients to bone tissue.

What is perichondrium made of?

Perichondrium is made of two layers: Outer fibrous layer. This dense membrane of connective tissue contains fibroblast cells that produce collagen. Inner chondrogenic layer.

What is the periosteum?

The periosteum is a complex structure composed of an outer fibrous layer that lends structural integrity and an inner cambium layer that possesses osteogenic potential. During growth and development it contributes to bone elongation and modeling, and when the bone is injured, participates in its recovery.

Where do interstitial and appositional growth of cartilage occur?

Moreover, interstitial growth occurs within the lacunae while appositional growth occurs on the surface of pre-existing cartilage.

What are the steps of interstitial growth?

Interstitial growth which includes: Cell division of the chondrocytes. … Appositional growth which includes:

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

There are three types of cartilage: hyaline, fibrous, and elastic cartilage.

What is the difference between the epiphyseal plate and line?

What is the difference between an epiphyseal plate and an epiphyseal line? The Epiphyseal plate contains cartilage used for producing bone. The Epiphyseal line is formed after the epiphyseal plate has stopped producing bone).

What is the difference between primary and secondary ossification centers?

The primary ossification center is the first place where the bone formation begins in the axle of a long bone or in the body of an irregular bone. Conversely, the secondary ossification center is the area of ossification that appears after the primary center of ossification at the epiphysis of edges of bones.

What is the difference between Endochondral and Intramembranous ossification?

In intramembranous ossification, bone develops directly from sheets of mesenchymal connective tissue. In endochondral ossification, bone develops by replacing hyaline cartilage. Activity in the epiphyseal plate enables bones to grow in length.

Do osteocytes have a Golgi apparatus?

The cell also exhibits a reduced size endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and mitochondria, and cell processes that radiate largely towards the bone surfaces in circumferential lamellae, or towards a haversian canal and outer cement line typical of osteons in concentric lamellar bone.

What osteocytes do?

The potential functions of osteocytes include: to respond to mechanical strain and to send signals of bone formation or bone resorption to the bone surface, to modify their microenvironment, and to regulate both local and systemic mineral homeostasis.

What do osteocytes do in bone remodeling?

Bone remodeling has important roles in the functions of bone tissues, such as supporting the body and mineral storage. Osteocytes, which are the most abundant cells in bone tissues, detect the mechanical loading and regulate both bone formation by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts.

What is the difference between ossification and calcification?

Ossification (or osteogenesis) in bone remodeling is the process of laying down new bone material by cells named osteoblasts. … Calcification is synonymous with the formation of calcium-based salts and crystals within cells and tissue. It is a process that occurs during ossification, but not necessarily vice versa.

What is the epiphyseal plate?

The epiphyseal growth plate is the main site of longitudinal growth of the long bones. At this site, cartilage is formed by the proliferation and hypertrophy of cells and synthesis of the typical extracellular matrix. The formed cartilage is then calcified, degraded, and replaced by osseous tissue.

Which of the following best describes interstitial growth of cartilage?

Which of the following statements best describes interstitial growth of cartilage? … Chondrocytes in the lacunae divide and secrete matrix, allowing the cartilage to grow from within.