What does the periodontal ligament do?

The PDL is a highly specialized connective tissue situated between the tooth and the alveolar bone (Figure 1-5). The principal function of the PDL is to connect the tooth to the jaw, which it must do in such a way that the tooth will withstand the considerable forces of mastication.

Can periodontal ligament heal?

The ligament can enlarge and allow the tooth to become loose. Once the excessive forces on the tooth are reduced, the PDL will heal, and tooth mobility will decrease.

What are the PDL fibers?

The periodontal ligament, commonly abbreviated as the PDL, is a group of specialized connective tissue fibers that essentially attach a tooth to the alveolar bone within which it sits. It inserts into root cementum one side and onto alveolar bone on the other.

Where are Cementicles found?

Cementicles are spherical calcified bodies lying free in the periodontal membrane. They may also be incorporated within the cementum or the alveolar bone or even within the bone marrow spaces of the tension side of drifting or moved teeth.

What is periodontal ligament?

The periodontal ligament, which is often abbreviated as the PDL, is a group of specialized connective tissue fibers that attach the tooth to the alveolar bone. The PDL inserts into root cementum on one side and onto alveolar bone on the other.

What does periodontal ligament pain feel like?

The ligaments in a patient’s tooth usually get damaged from too much pressure or a hard bite on sharp food. Recklessly eating sharp food can also cause a person’s gums to bleed. In most cases, patients feel a sharp pain in their teeth that resembles a common toothache.

Should the periodontal ligament be removed?

Periodontal Ligament When you bite down and chew, the PDL protects the tooth from shattering by compressing a fraction of a millimeter like a spring. It is standard of care for a traditional oral surgeon to assume that the periodontal ligament adheres to the tooth and is therefore always removed during an extraction.

How long does periodontal ligament take to heal?

A period of 2 to 3 weeks is usually sufficient in case of trauma to the periodontal ligament. If the trauma to the periodontal ligament is associated with bone fracture, 3 to 4 weeks are recommended.

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Does periodontal ligament grow back?

The periodontal ligament does not regenerate easily in any areas where it was lost and is prone to periodontal inflammation. Should a patient’s advanced gum disease have damaged the jawbone, placing a bone graft may be unsuccessful if the periodontal ligament is not also simultaneously restored.

What is PDL widening?

PDL widening, thickening of the lamina dura, increased number and size of trabeculae and bone loss are radiographic features. Continuous force causes tooth movement that is marked initially by PDL narrowing. In the secondary period of tooth movement, the PDL is considerably widened.

What is fenestration and dehiscence?

Fenestration is the condition, in which the bony coverage of the root surface is lost, and the root surface is only covered by the periosteum and gingiva. In such lesions, marginal bone is intact. When this bone defect spreads toward the marginal bone, it is called dehiscence.[1]

Where is the PDL the thinnest?

The PDL is inserted into the root cementum on one side and on the other side, the alveolar bone.

  • Structure. …
  • Alveolodental Ligament. …
  • Transseptal Fibers. …
  • Loose Connective Tissue. …
  • Cell Rest of Malassez. …
  • Oxytalan Fibers. …
  • Composition. …
  • Development.

What are the types of Cementicles?

There are 3 types: Free cementicle not attached to cementum. Attached (sessile) cementicle attached to the cementum surface (also termed exocementosis) Embedded (interstitial) cementicle with advancing age the cementum thickens, and the cementicle may become incorporated into the cementum layer.

What is alveolar bone?

The alveolar process, which is also called the alveolar bone, is the thick ridge of bone which contains the tooth sockets. The alveolar bone is located on the jaw bones which hold the teeth. In humans, these bones that contain the teeth are the maxilla and the mandible.

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What are the types of Hypercementosis?

Tooth group Hypercementosis type
discrete moderate
Maxillary molars 2 1
Mandibular molars 2 1
Maxillary premolars 1 1

How is the periodontal ligament removed?

Instead of the Hollywood-stylized pull most often seen in movies, your dentist will work slowly to tear at the periodontal ligament to loosen the tooth enough, using smooth, steady pressure with the forceps until the tooth can be removed.

What is the main cause of periodontal disease?

Periodontal (gum) disease is an infection of the tissues that hold your teeth in place. It’s typically caused by poor brushing and flossing habits that allow plaquea sticky film of bacteriato build up on the teeth and harden.

How do you treat tooth ligament pain?

Taking an anti-inflammatory medication like Advil or Aleve for five to seven days can also help along with avoidance of chewing on the painful tooth. If you suspect that night clenching or grinding of the teeth is the cause, then the use of an oral appliance while sleeping may be the best remedy.

What does an inflamed tooth ligament feel like?

The initial symptom from a tooth sprain is pain. Dentists specifically look for dull or achy pain as indication of a ligament sprain. You may also experience a sharp, localized pain in one tooth. If the pain generates in an open area or is hard to locate, it may be indication of an infection or toothache.

Why does it hurt when I tap my tooth?

If tapping lightly on the tooth causes acute pain, this is usually a sign of local infection. Infections can often be treated with the simple use of antibiotics, but, in severe cases, an abscess may develop in the gums, teeth or bone of the jaw that may require surgical drainage.

Which teeth are the hardest to extract?

Lower back teeth are typically the hardest to anesthetize. This is because it requires a little more work in terms of numbing the nerve endings, which are more plentiful at the back, lower part of the jaw.

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What happens to periodontal ligament after extraction?

When a force is applied to a tooth, mechanoreceptors in the periodontal ligament are stimulated. When teeth are extracted the remnants of the periodontal ligament break down and disappear, but it is not known what happens to the mechanoreceptor neurones that innervated it.

Can Pulpitis spread?

Irreversible pulpitis may lead to a type of infection called periapical abscess. This infection develops at the root of the tooth, where it causes a pocket of pus to form. If not treated, this infection can spread to other parts of the body, such as the sinuses, jaw, or brain.

How long can a dead tooth stay in your mouth?

A dead tooth can stay in your mouth for up to several days or months; however, keeping a dead tooth may lead to problems with your jaw and also result in the spreading of decay and bacteria to other teeth. Most dentists will recommend having the dead tooth extracted and replaced with a denture, bridge, or implant.

What happens if my tooth dies?

A tooth that is dead or dying can lead to a varying level of pain, from almost non-existent to extremely painful. The dying nerve or an infection usually causes an increase in pain. Some people wonder why they experience pain if the nerve is dead.

Why does the periodontal ligament widen?

PDL widening occurs in trauma from occlusion, but in association with angular bone defects and mobility of teeth. However, in scleroderma, involved teeth are often not mobile and their gingival attachments are usually intact.