What drug class is pertuzumab?

What drug class is pertuzumab?

Pertuzumab is an intravenous drug that is used to treat breast cancer that has spread beyond the breast (metastasized). It belongs to a class of drugs called monoclonal antibodies. Other monoclonal antibodies used for treating breast cancer include trastuzumab (Herceptin) and ado-trastuzumab emtansine (Kadcyla).

What is the mechanism of action of trastuzumab?

Trastuzumab binds to the extracellular juxtamembrane domain of HER2 and inhibits the proliferation and survival of HER2-dependent tumors. It is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for patients with invasive breast cancers that overexpress HER2.

Is pertuzumab a monoclonal antibody?

Pertuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting HER2 that is different from trastuzumab in that it binds to a different domain of HER2; hence, combining the two drugs leads to a more comprehensive blockade of the receptor.

How does the drug Herceptin work?

Herceptin works by blocking the effects of HER2 and encouraging the immune system (the body’s natural defences) to attack and kill the cancer cells.

What target is pertuzumab?

Pertuzumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody that targets the extracellular dimerization domain (subdomain II) of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 protein (HER2). It consists of two heavy chains and two lights chains that have 448 and 214 residues respectively.

What should I monitor with pertuzumab?

Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)

What is the mechanism of action of paclitaxel?

Mechanism of action Paclitaxel-treated cells have defects in mitotic spindle assembly, chromosome segregation, and cell division. Unlike other tubulin-targeting drugs, such as colchicine, that inhibit microtubule assembly, paclitaxel stabilizes the microtubule polymer and protects it from disassembly.

What is the difference between trastuzumab and pertuzumab?

Pertuzumab is a fully humanized monoclonal antibody which binds to domain II of HER2, essential for dimerization [27, 59], while trastuzumab binds to domain IV. Pertuzumab efficiently inhibits ligand-induced HER2/HER3 dimerization, whereas trastuzumab has only a minor effect in the presence of a ligand.

What is the mechanism of action of doxorubicin?

Mechanism of action Doxorubicin stabilizes the topoisomerase II complex after it has broken the DNA chain for replication, preventing the DNA double helix from being released and thereby stopping the process of replication.

Is pertuzumab an immunotherapy?

Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as pertuzumab and cetuximab, may help the body’s immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread.

How much does pertuzumab cost?

Therefore the cost of pertuzumab (excluding VAT) is estimated to be 4,790 for the initial dose and 2,395 for subsequent doses. The company has agreed a commercial access arrangement for pertuzumab with NHS England.

Is pertuzumab a chemotherapy?

Pertuzumab is an anti-cancer (antineoplastic or cytotoxic) chemotherapy drug. This medication is classified as an antineoplastic agent and a monoclonal antibody. (For more detail, see How Pertuzumab Works below).

Will hair grow back while on Herceptin?

Your hair may thin but you’re unlikely to lose all your hair. This usually starts after your first or second cycle of treatment. It is almost always temporary and your hair will grow back when you finish your treatment.

Why is Herceptin given for a year?

Since 2005, the standard of care has been to give Herceptin for 1 year after surgery and chemotherapy to reduce the risk of recurrence (the cancer coming back) of early-stage, HER2-positive breast cancer. Like most cancer treatments, Herceptin can cause side effects, including possible heart damage.

Is it better to be HER2-positive or negative?

Is HER2-positive breast cancer good or bad? HER2-positive cancer tends to be poorer in terms of prognosis than HER2-negative cancer because: It grows faster. It is more likely to spread to the lymph nodes fast.

Can pertuzumab be given alone?

This drug is given into a vein (IV). For people getting both of these monoclonal antibodies as part of their treatment, a combination of trastuzumab, pertuzumab, and hyaluronidase (Phesgo) is also available as a single injection. It is given as a subcutaneous (under the skin) shot over several minutes.

How do you administer pertuzumab?

2.2 Recommended Doses and Schedules The initial dose of PERJETA is 840 mg administered as a 60-minute intravenous infusion, followed every 3 weeks by a dose of 420 mg administered as an intravenous infusion over 30 to 60 minutes.

What is HER2-positive?

HER2 is a growth-promoting protein on the outside of all breast cells. Breast cancer cells with higher than normal levels of HER2 are called HER2-positive. These cancers tend to grow and spread faster than other breast cancers, but are much more likely to respond to treatment with drugs that target the HER2 protein.

When do you give pertuzumab?

Pertuzumab can be given before surgery to treat HER2 positive: Inflammatory breast cancer. Primary breast cancer that’s at high risk of coming back (recurrence) Locally advanced breast cancer.

What is the half life of perjeta?

Pertuzumab exhibits linear pharmacokinetics at a dose range of 2 to 25 mg/kg. Based on a population PK analysis of 481 patients, the median clearance (CL) of pertuzumab was 0.24 L/day and the median half-life was 18 days.

Does Phesgo cause hair loss?

The most common side effects of PHESGO when given with chemotherapy as part of an early breast cancer regimen are hair loss, nausea, diarrhea, low levels of red blood cells, and weakness.

How successful is paclitaxel?

Nevertheless, response rates with weekly paclitaxel up to 86% have been achieved with single-agent therapy, up to 87% with combination therapy and up to 100% when combined with radiotherapy.

Which checkpoint is affected by paclitaxel?

Paclitaxel-induced mitotic arrest occurs due to activation of the mitotic checkpoint (also known as the spindle assembly checkpoint), the major cell cycle control mechanism acting during mitosis to prevent chromosome missegregation.

What are the side effects of paclitaxel?

Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth sores, muscle/joint pain, numbness/tingling/burning of the hands/feet, flushing, dizziness, or drowsiness may occur. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor promptly. Temporary hair loss may occur.

Is Herceptin effective without chemo?

Disease-free survival is how long the women lived without the cancer coming back. Overall survival is how long the women lived, whether or not the cancer came back. Three-year disease-free survival rates were: 89.5% for women treated with Herceptin alone.

What are the side effects of pertuzumab?

Common side effects of pertuzumab and trastuzumab

What is the cost of perjeta in India?

Kadcyla and Perjeta, the new class of drugs launched in India in October, cost Rs 2,10,000 (200 ml) and Rs 2,49,000 for a dosage, respectively.

Which is the most serious side effect of doxorubicin?

Get medical help right away if you have any very serious side effects, including: chest pain. Within days to weeks after doxorubicin treatment, a serious skin reaction that looks likes a severe sunburn (radiation recall) may develop on any area of skin that has been previously treated with radiation.

What is the strength of doxorubicin?

Doxorubicin Hydrochloride Injection, USP is a sterile, isotonic, preservative-free solution for intravenous use. It is available in 5 mL (10 mg), 10 mL (20 mg) and 25 mL (50 mg) single dose vials and 100 mL (200 mg) multiple dose vials.

What is the purpose of doxorubicin?

Doxorubicin is used in combination with other medications to treat certain types of bladder, breast, lung, stomach, and ovarian cancer; Hodgkin’s lymphoma (Hodgkin’s disease) and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (cancer that begins in the cells of the immune system); and certain types of leukemia (cancer of the white blood cells …