What is a bacterial complex?

The bacterial complexes as described by Socransky Periodontopathogenic bacteria are divided into complexes depending on their properties and pathogenicity. These complexes are closely interrelated and together create a suitable environment.

What are red complex organisms?

The red complex, which appears later during biofilm development, comprises species that are considered periodontal pathogens, namely, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia (previous names Bacteroides forsythus, or Tannerella forsythensis).

What is the origin of the term red complex bacteria?

The red complex is a group of bacteria that are categorized together based on their association with severe forms of periodontal disease. The red complex—among a number of other complexes—were classified by Sigmund Socransky in 1998.

What bacteria is orange?

marcescens is commonly found growing in bathrooms (especially on tile grout, shower corners, toilet water lines, and basins), where it manifests as a pink, pink-orange, or orange discoloration and slimy film feeding off phosphorus-containing materials or fatty substances such as soap and shampoo residue.

Which bacteria is in red complex?

The red complex, which includes Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, and Tannerella forsythia (formerly Bacteroides forsythus), are recognized as the most important pathogens in adult periodontal disease.

How do you get rid of Pingivalis?

Treatment procedures of P. gingivalis–mediated diseases such as periodontitis and peri-implantitis focus on the eradication of oral pathogens at the site of infection, usually by surface debridement procedures followed by adjunctive therapies, including the use of antiseptics or/and antibiotics [61–66].

Which agents should be used to reduce red complex bacteria and bleeding on probing?

Minocycline HCl microspheres reduce red-complex bacteria in periodontal disease therapy. J Periodontol.

What is aggressive periodontitis?

Aggressive periodontitis is a destructive disease characterized by the following: the involvement of multiple teeth with a distinctive pattern of periodontal tissue loss; a high rate of disease progression; an early age of onset; and the absence of systemic diseases.

What is localized aggressive periodontitis?

Localized Aggressive Periodontitis (LAP) is a rare form of inflammatory periodontal disease characterized by a rapid rate of progression, dramatic attachment and bone loss, on very specific teeth (first molars and incisors), and an early age of onset1 , 2.

What does Treponema Denticola do?

Treponema Denticola is a potential etiological bacterial agent for oral cancer. It encourages oncogenesis (process in which healthy cells become cancer cells) and therefore the progression of oral cancer through chronic inflammation advancing invasiveness of the cancer cells.

Who is socransky?

Sig Socransky, or simply Sig, was born in Toronto, Canada and received his DDS degree from the University of Toronto in 1957. He studied microbiology and periodontology at Harvard, receiving a certificate in 1961. … His work had an indelible impact in the fields of periodontology and oral microbiology.

What are the stages of gingivitis?

5 Stages of Gum Disease: Spotting the Signs to Get Treatment in…

What is pink bathroom bacteria?

The bacteria, Serratia marcescens, cause that pink or even red slime you might find in your shower, toilet bowl, or around other water fixtures. The bacteria are abundant in nature, so it is commonly found in water and dirt. … The bacteria start to produce a pink pigment when the growing conditions are just right.

What Colour is fungi?

The colony colour varying from creamy white to suedelike colour with a peripheric margin of brilliant lemon-yellow due to the presence of a pigment which diffuses in agar, is so characteristic as to be pathognomonic (Figure 6).

What is pink fungus?

Pink mold is a common name for the water-borne bacteria Serratia marcescens. This mold type can be pink in color — hence the name — but this is not always the case. Sometimes, pink mold can look more orange than pink. This is because room temperatures can cause the mold to develop a red pigment.

What are putative pathogens?

Based on these criteria, a number of bacterial species that can colonize a subgingival biofilm were characterized as putative causative agents of periodontal disease, including the “red complex” species (P. gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola)86 and A. actinomycetemcomitans.

What is refractory periodontitis?

Refractory periodontal disease is characterized by low plaque scores and low responsiveness to periodontal therapy. The patients often have a history of antibiotic therapy and therefore have a high incidence of resistance in the subgingival microflora.

Is P gingivalis gram negative?

While human subgingival plaque harbors more than 500 bacterial species, considerable research has shown that Porphyromonas gingivalis, a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, is the major etiologic agent which contributes to chronic periodontitis.

How do you know if you have Pingivalis?

There is a reliable test that can be done in any dental office to test for PG. It’s called the Oral DNA test. It tests for the 11 different bacteria that cause periodontal disease, including PG. What you simply do is spit into a cup.

Does everyone have P. gingivalis?

gingivalis is a pathogen, then it would be expected to be detected in most subjects with disease and rarely detected in subjects who are periodontally healthy. However, in most previous studies, P. gingivalis has not been detected in the majority of subjects with disease.

How does P. gingivalis get to the brain?

P. gingivalis has the potential to induce inflammation peripherally due to periodontitis [64] and subsequently in the brain via its intracerebral entry or entry of its virulence factors (LPS and gingipains) [65–67].

What does LAA stand for in dental?

Local delivery of antimicrobials/antibiotics, or LAA, may be an option for you to incorporate into your practice.

What are chemotherapeutics in dentistry?

Chemotherapeutic agents are used to eliminate, reduce or alter the effect of microorganisms in the oral cavity and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory mediators. The term antimicrobial refers to agents that kill microbes or affect the growth and multiplication of microorganisms.

What is non specific plaque hypothesis?

The non-specific plaque hypothesis is the theory developed in the 1930s that caries is the result of the combined efforts of all the organisms in the oral biome, and that some patients are merely more susceptible than others. No specific organisms had been identified at that point that were more cariogenic than others.

What is a periodontal cleaning like?

When you go for periodontal maintenance, the hygienist will remove tartar just like with a regular cleaning. They’ll get in between your teeth and down to your gums. This is known as scaling and root planing. In addition, they’ll examine the pockets of your gums.

Is Periodontal Disease bad?

Periodontitis (per-e-o-don-TIE-tis), also called gum disease, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and, without treatment, can destroy the bone that supports your teeth. Periodontitis can cause teeth to loosen or lead to tooth loss. Periodontitis is common but largely preventable.

What is generalized severe periodontitis?

Generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) is characterized by “generalized interproximal attachment loss affecting at least 3 permanent teeth other than first molars and incisors” [12.

What is the best antibiotic for periodontal disease?

Metronidazole (Flagyl): This antibiotic may be prescribed to those patients suffering from severe periodontitis. Metronidazole works best when used in a combination with amoxicillin or tetracycline. Ciprofloxacin: This antibiotic is used to specifically target A.

How can you tell the difference between generalized and localized periodontitis?

Localized aggressive periodontitis or LAP is localized to first molar or incisor interproximal attachment loss. Generalized aggressive periodontitis or GAP is the interproximal attachment loss that affects three or more permanent teeth other than incisors and the first molar.

Is amoxicillin Good for periodontal disease?

Amoxicillin–Clavulanate Potassium It has been found to be useful in the management of localized form of aggressive periodontitis,[11] and also to arrest alveolar bone loss.