Crazy top is caused by infection of Sclerophthora macrospora, an oomycete pathogen. Crazy top-affected plants are distorted and/or stunted. The leaves below the tassel may proliferate, resulting in a very bushy appearance of the top of the plant, which lends this disease its name.
What causes Crazy top corn?
Crazy top of corn is caused by the downy mildew fungus, Sclerophthora macrospora. The causal fungus is a soilborne fungus which causes infection when young plants are subjected to saturated soil conditions or water accumulating in whorls or leaf sheaths.
What is the original name of Crazy top disease of maize?
The common names of the diseases associated with Sclerophthora macrospora include crazy top disease on maize and yellow tuft disease on turf grass. …
| Sclerophthora macrospora | |
|---|---|
| Scientific classification | |
| Species: | S. macrospora |
| Binomial name | |
| Sclerophthora macrospora (Sacc.) Thirum., (1953) |
What is GLS disease?
Gray leaf spot (GLS) is a common fungal disease in the United States caused by the pathogen Cercospora zeae-maydis in corn. Disease development is favored by warm temperatures, 80F or 27 C; and high humidity, relative humidity of 90% or higher for 12 hours or more.
What is maize rust?
From PRG Wiki. is a disease that frequents corn fields nearly every year. However, infections and associated corn grain yield loss are usually very minimal. Infection normally occurs from late-May to early-July.
Which fungi causes green ear disease of Bajra?
One of the most important diseases of pearl millet is downy mildew, also known as green ear, caused by the fungus Sclerospora graminicola (Sacc.)
What is the corn tassel?
The tassel represents the male flower on a corn plant, while the ear shoots represent the female flowers. … Once in a while, some or many of the female flower parts survive and develop on the tassel, resulting in individual kernels or partial ears of corn in place of part or all of the tassel.
Which toxin is produced by Wilt causing fungi?
Mycotoxins are toxic chemicals produced by fungal species, like Fusarium, Alternaria, Aspergillus, and Penicillium, that are either phytotoxic or are harmful to human and animal health.
Which downy mildew disease of maize first reported from Tarai region?
Philippine Downy Mildew (Sclerospora philippinensis): The first record of a downy mildew on maize in India was made by Butler (1913).
Is downy mildew a bacteria?
downy Mildews Powdery mildews are true fungal pathogens that produce white, flour-like colonies usually on upper leaves. Downy mildews, on the other hand, are a completely different kingdom of organisms, more closely related to algae than to fungi.
What is Physoderma brown spot?
Physoderma brown spot is a minor disease found in most areas where corn is grown and the leaf blight phase of the disease rarely affects yield. Numerous small, round, purple lesions on leaves, leaf midribs, leaf sheaths, or husk leaves are the typical symptoms.
How do you control Fusarium ear rot?
Managing the Disease Research has demonstrated that reducing insect damage to ears will significantly reduce the impact of Fusarium ear rot disease. Corn hybrids with Bt traits to control earworms and European corn borer usually have less Fusarium ear rot and fumonisin contamination.
What does gray leaf spot look like in corn?
Symptoms. The disease first appears in the form of small, necrotic spots with halos. These usually expand to become rectangular lesions, about 1/8 inch wide by up to 2 inches to 3 inches long and gray to brown in appearance.
What do you mean by red rot of sugarcane?
Red rot is a very serious disease of sugarcane. It was first described by Went in 1893 (56). Since then it has been found to cause epiphytotics in different countries. The surest symptom of the disease is the reddening of the internal internodal tissues with crossbars of white patches in the reddened area.
What is leaf blight disease?
Leaf blight disease is caused by the fungus Helminthosporium turcicum Pass. The disease develops on sorghum leaves particularly under humid conditions by producing reddish-purple or tan spots that coalesce to form large lesions. It attacks seedlings as well as older plants.
What are the diseases that affect maize?
The text is divided according to the four causal agents for maize diseases: fungi, bacteria, viruses, and mollicutes. Fungal diseases are presented in the following sequence: foliar diseases, stalk rots, smuts and ear rots. Most diseases covered are economically significant or have the potential to become so.
What is millet disease?
Summary. This chapter discusses major diseases of millets under three sub-headings, viz., sorghum diseases, pearl millet diseases and small millet diseases. Sorghum diseases such as grain mould, anthracnose, downy mildew, ergot, smut, leaf blight and leaf spots are common worldwide.
What are the symptoms of green ear disease of Bajra?
Leaf symptoms begin as chlorosis at the base and successively higher leaves show progressively greater chlorosis. Infected chlorotic leaf areas can support abundant white asexual sporulation on the lower leaf surface. Severely infected plants are generally stunted and do not produce panicles.
What is Bajra ear?
infected ear the disease is known as Green ear disease or downy mildew of Bajra. Pathology of the green ear is well known through the investiga- tions of various pathologists (see MUKDKTJR 1967), but the histopathological. changes in the structure of inflorescences that occur due to the infection of.
Why do farmers cut the tops off of corn stalks?
The topping of plants is for seed corn production. The tassels are removed so that plants can only be pollinated by other plants. … This is the process of hybrid seed. Hybrid seed results in much better plant vigor and yield.
What happens if you dont Detassel corn?
Up to 70% of tassels are removed mechanically. Then crews come through and clean the fields by hand removing any tassels that the machines missed. Timing is important because if you detassel too early yield may decrease. If you wait too long, the corn plant will start to pollinate itself.
What is at the top of a corn stalk?
The male flower of the corn plant is known as a corn tassel. After the bulk of the plant growth is complete, tassels will appear on top of the plant. Corn plant tassels can be green, purple, or yellow. The tassel’s job is to produce pollen that encourages the growth and ripening of the corn ear.
Where did Panama disease come from?
Panama disease, also called banana wilt, a devastating disease of bananas caused by the soil-inhabiting fungus species Fusarium oxysporum forma specialis cubense. A form of fusarium wilt, Panama disease is widespread throughout the tropics and can be found wherever susceptible banana cultivars are grown.
What symptoms develop in vascular wilt cotton?
In young and grown up plants, the first symptom is yellowing of edges of leaves and area around the veins i.e. discoloration starts from the margin and spreads towards the midrib. The leaves loose their turgidity, gradually turn brown, droop and finally drop off.
How is wilt disease treated?
How to Control Fusarium Wilt: Once fusarium wilt infects a plant, there is no effective treatment. Remove and dispose of affected plants immediately; don’t compost this garden refuse. Whenever possible, remove and replace fusarium-infected garden soil.
Which fruiting body is produced by colletotrichum Graminicola?
Spores are produced in an acervulus, a saucer-shaped fruiting body that bursts through the epidermal tissues.
What is the most effective chemical to control downy mildew maize?
To control the downy mildew of maize, Govindu (1974) recommended the spraying of the 15 days old maize with 40 g zineb in 18 liters of water and this is repeated 30 and 45 days after sowing (personnal communication).
What is black arm of cotton?
Cracking of the stem and gummosis is also observed in infected plants. The resultant breaking of the stem which hang typically as a dry black twig is referred to as the ‘black arm’. The pathogen also reportedly causes blackening of the veins and veinlets, giving a typical ‘blighting’ appearance.
Graduated from ENSAT (national agronomic school of Toulouse) in plant sciences in 2018, I pursued a CIFRE doctorate under contract with Sun’Agri and INRAE in Avignon between 2019 and 2022. My thesis aimed to study dynamic agrivoltaic systems, in my case in arboriculture. I love to write and share science related Stuff Here on my Website. I am currently continuing at Sun’Agri as an R&D engineer.