What is an axial flow turbine?

Axial flow turbines are turbines in which the working fluids flow parallel to the shaft despite the radial turbines where the fluids rotate around the shaft like in a watermill. … In other words, the axial flow turbine converts the fluid flow into rotating mechanical energy.

What is a axial flow turbine with example?

Axial and Radial Turbine Axial turbine: Direction of flow in the impeller is parallel to the axis. Examples: Propeller Turbine, Kaplan turbine.

Is turbine axial or radial?

A radial turbine is a turbine in which the flow of the working fluid is radial to the shaft. The difference between axial and radial turbines consists in the way the fluid flows through the components (compressor and turbine).

What are the types of axial flow turbine?

There are two types of axial turbines: (1) impulse type and (2) reaction type. The impulse turbine has its entire enthalpy drop in the nozzle; therefore, it has a very high velocity entering the rotor. The reaction turbine divides the enthalpy drop in the nozzle and the rotor.

What are four types of turbines?

Turbines can be classified into four general types according to the fluids used: water, steam, gas, and wind.

What is Curtis turbine?

The Curtis turbine is a compound impulse turbine, the com- pounding being both for pressure and velocity. … This is done by compounding the pressure drop, that is, by using several sets of nozzles, thereby reducing the drop in each set, and reducing the exit velocity of the steam accord- ingly.

What is difference between axial and radial flow?

“Axial” refers to the direction of flow produced by the impeller. … Similar to the axial flow turbine, the term “radial” describes the flow of liquid resulting from the impeller. The radial turbine blades are welded to the hub with the blade surfaces parallel to the shaft.

Where is turbine used?

Turbines are used in wind power, hydropower, in heat engines, and for propulsion. Turbines are extremely important because of the fact that nearly all electricity is produced by turning mechanical energy from a turbine into electrical energy via a generator.

What is the meaning of axial flow?

: having the fluid or gas flowing parallel to the axis axial-flow turbine axial-flow pump — compare radial-flow.

What are four types of turbine seals?

Labyrinth mated with shaft serration’s or shaft seal strips. Water seals where a shaft runner acts as a pump to create a ring of water around the shaft. Use only treated water to avoid shaft pitting. Stuffing box using woven or soft packing rings that are compressed with a gland to prevent leakage along the shaft.

What is specific speed of turbine?

The specific speed value for a turbine is the speed of a geometrically similar turbine which would produce unit power (one kilowatt) under unit head (one meter). The specific speed of a turbine is given by the manufacturer (along with other ratings) and will always refer to the point of maximum efficiency.

What is inward flow turbine?

(ˈfrɑːnsɪs) n. (General Engineering) a water turbine designed to produce high flow from a low head of pressure: used esp in hydroelectric power generation.

What type of turbine is Kaplan turbine?

propeller hydro turbine A Kaplan turbine is a type of propeller hydro turbine (specifically a reaction turbine) used in hydroelectric plants. Water flows both in and out of Kaplan turbines along its rotational axis (axial flow).

What is reheat factor in steam turbine?

Introduction. In any multistage steam turbine with continuous expansion through the stages, the cumulative heat is the sum of the heat drops in the individual stages ; the reheat factor is the ratio of the cumulative heat to the adiabatic drop from initial condition to exhaust pressure.

What is difference between propeller turbine and Kaplan turbine?

The difference between the Propeller and Kaplan turbines is that the Propeller turbine has fixed runner blades while the Kaplan turbine has adjustable runner blades. It is a pure axial flow turbine uses basic aerofoil theory. … The kaplan turbine, unlike all other turbines, the runner’s blades are movable.

What are the 3 basic types of turbines?

There are 3 main types of impulse turbine in use: the Pelton, the Turgo, and the Crossflow turbine. … Turbines are also divided by their principle of operation and can be:

• An Impulse turbine, which is driven by a high-velocity jet (or multiple jets) of water.
• A Reaction turbine.

What is difference between turbine and generator?

Turbines and generators are both used in the production of electric power, but the turbine converts available energy forms into rotation while the generator converts rotation into electricity. Depending on the type of energy they use, power plants have corresponding types of turbines and use them to power generators.

What are the two types of turbines?

There are two main types of hydropower turbines: reaction and impulse. The type of hydropower turbine selected for a project is based on the height of standing water—referred to as head—and the flow, or volume of water over time, at the site.

What is a impulse turbine?

An impulse turbine is a turbine that is driven by high velocity jets of water or steam from a nozzle directed on to vanes or buckets attached to a wheel. The resulting impulse (as described by Newton’s second law of motion) spins the turbine and removes kinetic energy from the fluid flow.

Why Parsons turbine is called 50 reaction turbine?

Thus a blade with a 50 percent degree of reaction, or a 50 percent reaction stage, is one in which half the enthalpy drop of the stage occurs in the fixed blades and half in the moving blades. … A very widely used design has half degree of reaction or 50% reaction and this is known as Parson’s Turbine.

Which turbine has highest efficiency?

Large Francis turbines are individually designed for each site to operate with the given water flow and water head at the highest possible efficiency, typically over 90% (to 99%). In contrast to the Pelton turbine, the Francis turbine operates at its best completely filled with water at all times.

What does radial flow mean?

: having the working fluid flowing mainly along the radii of rotation a radial-flow turbine — compare axial-flow.

What is difference between impeller and propeller?

A propeller is a type of fan that propels fluid by pushing against it, converting rotational force into a linear motion. An impeller is a type of rotor that is typically part of a pump and creates a sucking force, i.e. drawing liquid into a vehicle or engine.

What is radial flow pump?

Radial flow pumps. … Radial flow pumps are centrifugal pumps in which the fluid is pumped perpendicularly to the pump shaft. The flow mechanism in a centrifugal pump can generally be described as follows: Through a suction flange the liquid flows through the suction hub into the rotating impeller due to an energy fall.

What is the main function of turbine?

Briefly, the purpose of a turbine is to convert the available energy into the fluid that enters it to generate electrical energy.

What is the principle of turbine?

It works on the principle of Newton’s second law. It has a number of elliptical half-sized buckets fitted instead of blades on the rotor. When the water strikes the buckets at high speed, the rotor starts rotating, then the kinetic energy of water is converted into mechanical energy.

Who invented turbine?

The modern steam turbine was invented in 1884 by Charles Parsons, whose first model was connected to a dynamo that generated 7.5 kilowatts (10.1 hp) of electricity. The invention of Parsons’ steam turbine made cheap and plentiful electricity possible and revolutionized marine transport and naval warfare.

Which turbine is axial flow turbine?

An axial turbine is a turbine in which the flow of the working fluid is parallel to the shaft, as opposed to radial turbines, where the fluid runs around a shaft, as in a watermill.

What is the difference between axial flow and centrifugal flow?

An axial fan is one in which the extracted air is forced to move parallel to the shaft about which the blades rotate. Centrifugal fans extract air at right angles to the intake of the fan, and spin the air outwards to the outlet by deflection and centrifugal force.

What is the axial flow reaction turbine with vanes called?

On the basis of installation of vanes over the surface of hub of turbine, there are basically two types of axial flow reaction turbine. Propeller turbine. Kaplan turbine.