What is comparative anatomy examples?

A common example of comparative anatomy is the similar bone structures in forelimbs of cats, whales, bats, and humans. All of these appendages consist of the same basic parts; yet, they serve completely different functions. … One explanation for the forelimbs’ similar composition is descent with modification.

What muscles are parallel?

Parallel Muscles

• They are normally long muscles which cause large movements, are not very strong but have good endurance.
• Examples include Sartorius and Sternocleidomastoid.
• Some textbooks include Fusiform muscles in the parallel group.

What are the three types of comparative anatomy?

Overview

• Homologous structures are structures that are similar in related organisms because they were inherited from a common ancestor.
• Analogous structures are structures that are similar in unrelated organisms.
• Comparative embryology is the study of the similarities and differences in the embryos of different species.

What muscles are Multipennate?

A type of pennate muscle wherein the diagonal muscle fibers are in multiple rows with the central tendon branching into two or more tendons. Example of multipennate muscle is deltoid muscle.

What is comparative anatomy def?

(kum-PAYR-uh-tiv uh-NA-toh-mee) The comparison of the structure (anatomy) of one animal or plant with the structure of a different animal or plant.

What is systemic anatomy?

In contrast, systemic anatomy is the study of the structures that make up a discrete body system—that is, a group of structures that work together to perform a unique body function. For example, a systemic anatomical study of the muscular system would consider all of the skeletal muscles of the body.

What is Convergent muscle?

Convergent: A muscle with a common point of attachment, although individual fascicles do not necessarily run parallel to each other.

What are circular muscles?

”’circular muscles. – muscle layer encircling the body between the epidermis and longitudinal muscle layer.

What is skeletal muscle?

The skeletal muscle is one of the three significant muscle tissues in the human body. Each skeletal muscle consists of thousands of muscle fibers wrapped together by connective tissue sheaths. The individual bundles of muscle fibers in a skeletal muscle are known as fasciculi.

Who is the father of comparative anatomy?

The French zoologist Georges Cuvier (1769–1832), regarded as the father of modern comparative anatomy,……

Which field of study examines homologous structures?

Comparative anatomy investigates the homologies, or inherited similarities, among organisms in bone structure……

What is vertebrate anatomy and physiology?

The course focuses on describing the anatomy of the major organ systems found in vertebrates and explaining how the physiology of these anatomical systems enables vertebrate bodies to function in their environment.

What are Unipennate muscles?

Definition. A type of pennate muscle wherein the muscle fibers or fascicles are all in one side of the tendon. Supplement. Example of unipennate muscle is extensor digitorum longum.

Is gastrocnemius a Bipennate?

Gastrocnemius is the muscle that forms the main bulk of the calf region on the back of the lower leg. It is a bipennate muscle, meaning it has two rows of muscle fibres, facing in opposite directions with a central tendon, resembling a feather.

Is the temporalis muscle convergent?

The large muscle on the chest, the pectoralis major, is an example of a convergent muscle because it converges on the greater tubercle of the humerus via a tendon. The temporalis muscle of the cranium is another. … The extensor digitorum of the forearm is an example of a unipennate muscle.

What is meant by gross anatomy?

: a branch of anatomy that deals with the macroscopic structure of tissues and organs.

Does human whale and bat common ancestor?

Scientists have used computer analysis to read evolution backward and reconstruct a large part of the genome of an 80-million-year-old mammal. This tiny shrewlike creature was the common ancestor of humans and other living mammals as diverse as horses, bats, tigers and whales.

What is divergent evolution?

What Is Divergent Evolution? Divergent evolution occurs when a population of animals or plants is split into two groups by a geographic barrier (for instance, a body of water or a migration to a new area), causing each group to develop different traits under their respective selective pressures and natural selection.

What is topographic anatomy?

Definitions of topographic anatomy. the study of anatomy based on regions or divisions of the body and emphasizing the relations between various structures (muscles and nerves and arteries etc.) in that region. synonyms: regional anatomy, topology.

What is systemic anatomy example?

For example, the skin and its appendages belong to the integumentary system, all structures involved in digestion to the digestive system, and all bones of the body to the skeletal system. In systemic anatomy, the systems are studied one by one (as opposed to regional anatomy).

What’s the difference between systemic and regional anatomy?

Regional anatomy focuses on specific external and internal regions of the body (such as the head or chest) and how different systems work together in that region. Systemic anatomy focuses on the anatomy of different organ systems, such as the respiratory or nervous system.

What is a fascicle anatomy?

fascicle: A group of muscle of fibers surrounded by the perimysium.

What is orbicularis oris?

Introduction. Orbicularis oris muscle, also known as musculus orbicularis oris is a complex, multi-layered muscle which attaches through a thin, superficial musculoaponeurotic system to the dermis of the upper lip and lower lip and serves as an attachment site for many other facial muscles around the oral region.

What are longitudinal muscles?

The longitudinal muscle fibres run lengthwise along the body, and the circular fibres encircle it. The body contents are liquids or tissues that can be deformed into different shapes, but they maintain a constant volume.

Where is ciliary muscle?

The ciliary muscle is elongated, triangular in shape, and located beneath the anterior sclera just posterior to the limbus. The shortest side of the triangular region faces anterior-inward and it is to this region of the ciliary body that the base of the iris inserts.

What are spiral muscles?

They are divided into two groups – vertical and spiral muscle chains. Spiral chains – their function is to stabilise the body during movement (walking, running, sport). They create spinal traction in movement and therefore regenerate the spine and body. Muscles within these chains are often weak and need strengthening.

Where is the sphincter?

A ring-shaped muscle that relaxes or tightens to open or close a passage or opening in the body. Examples are the anal sphincter (around the opening of the anus) and the pyloric sphincter (at the lower opening of the stomach).

Is a cardiac muscle?

Cardiac muscle is an involuntary striated muscle tissue found only in the heart and is responsible for the ability of the heart to pump blood.

What is the strongest muscle in the human body?

masseter The strongest muscle based on its weight is the masseter. With all muscles of the jaw working together it can close the teeth with a force as great as 55 pounds (25 kilograms) on the incisors or 200 pounds (90.7 kilograms) on the molars.

What is neuromuscular junction?

The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is a highly specialized synapse between a motor neuron nerve terminal and its muscle fiber that are responsible for converting electrical impulses generated by the motor neuron into electrical activity in the muscle fibers.