What is creepage in electrical?

CREEPAGE: The shortest path between two conductive parts, or between a conductive part and the bounding surface of the equipment, measured along the surface of the insulation (Figure 2).

What is creepage current?

Creepage is defined as the shortest distance between two conductive paths measured along the surface of a solid insulation. The shortest path is typically found around the end of the package body between conductive pins or leads.

What is the difference between clearance and creepage?

Clearance is the shortest distance in air between two conductive parts. … Creepage distance means the shortest distance along the surface of a solid insulating material between two conductive parts.

What is a creepage switch?

What is creepage in PCB?

Creepage is the shortest distance between conductor traces on a PCB along the surface of the insulation material while clearance is defined as the minimum distance through the air (line of sight) between two conductor traces. Clearance and creepage distances between two PCB conductors.

What is creepage insulator?

The creepage distance for insulators is the shortest distance along the insulator surface between the metal parts at each end of the insulator. Creepage distance can also be refer as leakage distance for insulators.

What is creepage factor?

Creepage Factor (CF), is a global check of the overall density of creepage distance and is equal to l/A where: l is the total creepage distance of the insulator and A is the arcing distance of the insulator. For disc insulators the CF is determined for a string comprising at least 5 insulator units.

What is pollution degree?

The pollution degree describes the environmental influences such as dust, moisture and aggressive substances that can affect a device and its insulation. IEC/EN 60664-1 and VDE 0110-1 define four pollution degrees.

Why do we need creepage distance?

A proper and adequate creepage distance protects against tracking, a process that produces a partially conducting path of localized deterioration on the surface of an insulating material as a result of the electric discharges on or close to an insulation surface.

Is standard for creepage distance?

The shortest distance that can achieve insulated through the air. Creepage: The shortest distance between two conductors along the insulating surface. Creepage must be greater than or equal to clearance. … What is clearance and creepage distance of insulation

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Pollution degree (see 5.4.1.6) X mm
1 0.25
2 1.00
3 1.50

What is step voltage?

Step voltage is the voltage between the feet of a person standing near an energized grounded object. … Touch voltage is the voltage between the energized object and the feet of a person in contact with the object. It is equal to the difference in voltage between the object and a point some distance away.

What is protected creepage?

Protected creepage distance of an insulator means part of the creepage distance on the illuminated side of the insulator which would lie in shadow if light were projected on to the insulator at 90(or 45in special cases) to the longitudinal axis of the insulator.

What is electrical clearance?

The electrical clearance is the electrical isolation between two conductive components, whereas the creepage indicates the conduction of electricity across the surface of a nonconductive component. The clearance and creepage distance are two important parameters while designing an electrical assembly.

How do you calculate creepage distance?

How to Determine Creepage Distance for Connectors

  1. Creepage Distance/Air Gap: The Path of Least Resistance. …
  2. Check the Pins on the Connector Face. …
  3. Check the Backside of the Connector: …
  4. Check Female Contacts as well: …
  5. Check For Hidden Creepage Paths Inside the Connector. …
  6. Check for Hidden Creepage Paths Outside the Connector.

What is minimum electrical clearance in PCB?

Under the IPC 2221 standards, the minimum PCB trace clearance (really, the clearance between any two conductors) is 0.1 mm for general purpose devices, or 4 mils. For power conversion devices, this minimum spacing is 0.13 mm, or 5.1 mils.

What IPC 2221?

What is IPC-2221? IPC-2221 is a generally accepted industry standard that defines a multitude of PCB design aspects. Some examples include design requirements on materials (including substrates and plating), testability, thermal management and thermal reliefs, and annular rings, to name a few.

What is the 3W rule?

3W rule means the distance measured between two trace center lines are at least 3 times the trace width. 3W rule can reduce cross talk flux by about 70%.

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What is high voltage creepage?

What is Creepage on a PCB? Similar to clearance, creepage measures distance between conductors on for high voltage PCB. However, instead of measuring distance in air, it measures the shortest distance along the surface of the insulation material.

What is bushing creepage?

distance. Minimum nominal creepage distance is the shortest distance along the surface of an insulator between two conductive parts. In the case of bushings, this is the distance between the bushing top metallic dome/terminal and the flange, which is referred to in terms of mm/kV, Fig.

What causes partial discharge in transformer?

Since gas insulated switchgear (GIS) is filled with SF6 gas as insulation, partial discharge can be caused by floating particles, loose or broken components such as a piece of metal shaving that gets too close to a conductor.

What is creepage path?

A creepage path is the shortest path between two conductive components, measured along the surface of the insulation, the creepage surface. The creepage distance is the length of that path. An electric current can establish a short circuit across a gap because the air has less resistance than the insulated surface.

What is insulator leakage distance?

Creep distance is sometimes referred to as leakage distance. It represents the shortest distance along the surface of the insulator between the conductive ends of the insulator. In a typical insulator application, one end would be at an elevated voltage level and the other end would be at a lower voltage or grounded.

What is disruptive discharge voltage?

Disruptive Discharge Voltage: It is that voltage at which the electrical stress in the insulation causes a failure which includes the collapse of voltage and passage of current. In solids, this causes a permanent loss of strength, and in liquids or gases only temporary loss may be caused.

What is safety clearance in substation?

The ground clearance is the distance between ground level and bottom of any insulator in an outdoor substation. This ensures that any person working in the area cannot touch or damage the insulators accidentally. This clearance is kept as 2.5 meters for all voltage levels.

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What IEC 60947?

IEC 60947-1:2020 applies, when required by the relevant product standard, to low-voltage switchgear and controlgear hereinafter referred to as equipment or device and intended to be connected to circuits, the rated voltage of which does not exceed 1 000 V AC or 1 500 V DC.

What is pollution geography?

Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. Landfills collect garbage and other land pollution in a central location. … Pollution is the introduction of harmful materials into the environment. These harmful materials are called pollutants. Pollutants can be natural, such as volcanic ash.

Why is creepage important?

The isolation required between parts with different operating voltages, to prevent against unacceptable risk, is the primary reason for the importance of creepage and clearance distances. … It [creepage] is the shortest distance between two conductive parts, measured through air.

What is creepage test?

Creepage & Clearance distances form part of the product’s electrical insulation system that protects the user from a Risk of Shock. … Purpose of the Test: To verify that there is adequate insulation between electrical parts, to withstand the rigors of normal use, over the life of the product.

How do you calculate minimum creepage distance?

The distance measure of along the surface of the solid insulating material is called creepage distance. The creepage distance is depending upon the weather condition. Minimum creepage distance are 16-25 mm/kV. … What is Creepage and Clearance Distance of Insulator?

S No. Degree of Pollution Recommended Creepage Distance for Insulators
4 Heavily polluted areas 25 mm/kV +