Medical Definition of postabsorptive : being in or typical of the period following absorption of nutrients from the digestive tract subjects in the postabsorptive state.
What happens in the absorptive state?
The absorptive state, or the fed state, occurs after a meal when your body is digesting the food and absorbing the nutrients (catabolism exceeds anabolism). Digestion begins the moment you put food into your mouth, as the food is broken down into its constituent parts to be absorbed through the intestine.
What is the main goal of the postabsorptive state?
A major goal of the many biochemical alterations in this period is to maintain glucose homeostasis—that is, a constant blood-glucose level. 1. The well-fed, or postabsorptive, state. After we consume and digest an evening meal, glucose and amino acids are transported from the intestine to the blood.
Which of these happens during the postabsorptive state?
Glucagon raises the blood glucose level and is the key hormone used to handle the postabsorptive state. Which of these happens during the postabsorptive state? … After glucose levels stabilize after a meal, the body tries to maintain the blood sugar until the next meal.
What is the Postabsorptive period?
The postabsorptive state consists of a 6-h period that follows the postprandial period. During this time interval, glucose concentrations remain within a normal range in nondiabetic individuals through the breakdown of the glycogen (glycogenolysis) stored during the postprandial period.
What hormone is involved in the postabsorptive state?
Hormones: Postabsorptive state is largely caused by lack of insulin; also utilizes glucagon, but stress hormones (cortisol and epinephrine) can fill in for glucagon. Glucagon mainly affects liver.
Which of the following is not a postabsorptive state reaction?
The correct answer is b). Lipogenesis does not occur during the postabsorptive state.
How is the postabsorptive state controlled and initiated?
The postabsorptive state is controlled by the interaction of the sympathetic nervous system and several hormones, especially glucagon. The trigger for initiating postabsorptive events is damping of insulin release, which occurs as blood glucose levels begin to drop.
Is secreted during the postabsorptive state?
During the fasting or postabsorptive state, glucagon is secreted.
Does insulin cause lipogenesis?
Insulin promotes lipogenesis, thereby resulting in the storage of triglycerides in adipocytes and of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) in hepatocytes. Insulin stimulates lipogenesis by activating glucose import, regulating the levels of glycerol-3-P and lipoprotein lipase (LPL).
What happens to glucose during the postabsorptive state quizlet?
The primary fuel source used by the brain is glucose. During the postabsorptive state tissues other than the brain utilize fatty acids for energy, and the liver produces glucose by breaking down glycogen to glucose and converting other substrates to glucose via gluconeogenesis.
How long after eating is the absorptive state?
around three to five hours The post-absorptive state occurs around three to five hours after a meal has been completely digested and absorbed.
What is the purpose of Ketogenesis?
Ketogenesis is the biochemical process through which organisms produce ketone bodies by breaking down fatty acids and ketogenic amino acids.
What is the primary hormonal regulator of the Postabsorptive state?
As blood glucose and amino acid concentrations rise following the meal, insulin is released from beta cells of the pancreatic islets. Insulin is the major hormone, directing organs, tissues and cells in terms of what to do with the absorbed nutrients during the absorptive state.
What is the other name of gluconeogenesis?
Gluconeogenesis, also called Glucogenesis, formation in living cells of glucose and other carbohydrates from other classes of compounds. These compounds include lactate and pyruvate; the compounds of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the terminal stage in the oxidation of foodstuffs; and several amino acids.
What is the postprandial state?
The postprandial state, broadly defined as “the period following a meal,” is a complicated physiological process that is responsible for the metabolism of nutrients and the supply of tissues with essential metabolic fuels.
Is the absorptive state anabolic or catabolic?
Absorptive state is the period in which the gastrointestinal tract is full and the anabolic processes exceed catabolism. The fuel used for this process is glucose.
What is the fasting state?
Fasting state The fasting state lasts from about 18 hours to 2 days of fasting. By this point, your glycogen stores in the liver have been depleted, and your body begins breaking down protein and fat stores for energy instead.
Which are the main hormones stimulates glycogenolysis in the Postabsorptive state?
Glucagon helps maintain adequate plasma glucose levels by promoting glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
What are the target cells of insulin and glucagon?
The targets of insulin are liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. 4. In the fasting state, glucagon directs the movement of stored nutrients into the blood. Liver is the main physiological target of glucagon.
What is the absorptive state quizlet?
Absorptive State: During and after meal (~4hours). Nutrients are absorbed from the gut. The GI tract w/nutrients + are entering blood.
What is Glycogenesis performed by?
Glycogenesis, the formation of glycogen, the primary carbohydrate stored in the liver and muscle cells of animals, from glucose. Glycogenesis takes place when blood glucose levels are sufficiently high to allow excess glucose to be stored in liver and muscle cells. Glycogenesis is stimulated by the hormone insulin.
What is used in metabolic crossroads?
Three molecules play pivotal roles in metabolism they are: Glucose 6-phosphate, Pyruvic acid, and acetyl coenzyme A. synthesis of glycogen, release of glucose into the bloodstream, synthesis of nucleic acids, and glycolysis. glucose 6-phosphate is used to make glycogen, the storage form of carbohydrate in animals.
Why is calorie always spelled with a capital C?
A calorie is a measure of energy. It is defined as the heat energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of water by one degree Celsius. … Most of the time ‘calorie’ spelled with the small ‘c’ actually refers to the kilocalories provided in food and used during exercise.
What is the difference between Glycogenolysis and Glycogenesis?
Glycogenesis is the process of storing excess glucose for use by the body at a later time. Glycogenolysis occurs when the body, which prefers glucose as an energy source, needs energy. The glycogen previously stored by the liver is broken down to glucose and dispersed throughout the body.
How will the size of the adipocyte differ between culture A and culture B after one week?
How will the size of the adipocyte differ between culture A and culture B after one week? The adipocytes in culture A would be larger than those in culture B.
What effect does glucagon have on metabolism during the post absorptive state?
Its target is the liver tissue and its actions are opposed to that of insulin. Glucagon increases glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis to increase the plasma concentration of glucose during the post-absorptive state or when plasma glucose is low (hypoglycemia). Sympathetic nerves stimulate glucagon secretion.
What is the primary site of nutrient pools that are available for immediate use in the body?
What is the primary site of nutrient pools that are available for immediate use in the body? The pancreas releases insulin. Taking in glucose and converting it to glycogen. What cells in the body respond to glucagon by breaking down glycogen and releasing glucose?
What directs the glucose into the liver?
The liver receives dietary carbohydrates directly from the intestine via the portal vein. Glucokinase phosphorylates glucose to glucose 6-phosphate inside the hepatocyte, ensuring that an adequate flow of glucose enters the cell to be metabolized.
Which of the following processes does not occur during the absorptive state?
fatty acids. Which of the following does NOT occur during the absorptive state? The process of storing glucose as glycogen is known as: gluconeogenesis.
Graduated from ENSAT (national agronomic school of Toulouse) in plant sciences in 2018, I pursued a CIFRE doctorate under contract with Sun’Agri and INRAE in Avignon between 2019 and 2022. My thesis aimed to study dynamic agrivoltaic systems, in my case in arboriculture. I love to write and share science related Stuff Here on my Website. I am currently continuing at Sun’Agri as an R&D engineer.