What is P O ratio of NADH?

What is P O ratio of NADH?

The P/O ratio for NADH would be 10/(3.3 + 1) = 10/4.3 2.3, thus moving below the range of values directly determined.

What is PO ratio of FADH2?

The trend is to correct the numerous measurements toward a P/O ratio of 1.5 for succinate- or FADH2-linked substrates, and 2.5 for NADH- linked substrates (11, 12, 13), values that appear in current textbooks (14, 15). … However, these calculations rely on measured values of concentrations of metabolic intermediates.

How is ADP O ratio calculated?

What is the P O ratio for mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation?

2.5 and 1.5 The ATP/ADP and Pi transporters are included in the mechanistic P/O ratios of 2.5 and 1.5.

How do you calculate P O ratio?

The resulting P/O ratio would be the ratio of H/O and H/P; which is 10/3.67 or 2.73 for NADH-linked respiration, and 6/3.67 or 1.64 for UQH2-linked respiration, with actual values being somewhere between.

Why is the P O ratio not an integer?

Using the non-inte- ger P/O ratio values has two advantages. They are more accurate, and they also highlight the fact that coupling ratios need not be integers. Each coupling site does not make 1 ATP; it simply pumps enough protons (about four per pair of electrons) to make approximately 1 ATP.

What is the importance of the P O ratio quizlet?

What is the importance of the P/O ratio? It indicates how well oxygen consumption in electron transport is coupled to ATP formation in oxidative phosphorylation.

What is the P O ratio for the oxidation of ubiquinone if three protons are required to synthesize one ATP?

Question: Wht isthe P/O ratio for the oxidation of ubiquinone if three protons are required to synthesize one ATP? The answer is 1.5.

What does oxidative phosphorylation do?

Oxidative phosphorylation is the process in which ATP is formed as a result of the transfer of electrons from NADH or FADH ₂ to O ₂ by a series of electron carriers. This process, which takes place in mitochondria, is the major source of ATP in aerobic organisms (Figure 18.1).

What are the P O ratios for electrons donated by Matrix NADH and by succinate?

(b) What are the P:O. ratios for electrons donated by matrix NADH and by succinate? (a) The P:O. ratio is equal to the product of (H⁺/2 e^–) and (~P/H⁺).

What is respiratory control ratio?

This ratio, termed the respiratory control ratio (RCR), represents the maximum factorial increase in mitochondrial oxygen consumption that can be achieved above the LEAK oxygen requirement when driving the phosphorylation of ADP into ATP (Brand and Nicholls 2011).

What is the ratio of ATP ADP?

Normally cellular ATP concentration is maintained in the range of 1 to 10 mmol/L, with a normal ratio of ATP/ADP of approximately 1000.

What happened to oxidative phosphorylation when DNP was added?

DNP acts as a protonophore, allowing protons to leak across the inner mitochondrial membrane and thus bypass ATP synthase. … Dinitrophenol uncouples oxidative phosphorylation, causes release of calcium from mitochondrial stores and prevents calcium re-uptake.

What are Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation?

Abstract. Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria inhibit the coupling between the electron transport and phosphorylation reactions and thus inhibit ATP synthesis without affecting the respiratory chain and ATP synthase (H(+)-ATPase).

Where does oxidative phosphorylation takes place Mcq?

Explanation: Oxidative phosphorylation takes place in mitochondria.

Is oxidative phosphorylation Exergonic or Endergonic?

It has two high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds that can be broken to release energy. Substrate level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation and photophosphorylation all rely on highly exergonic reactions to provide the energy for ATP production via the phosphorylation of ADP.

What are electron transport chain inhibitors?

The most important known inhibitors of the ETC are Amytal, Rotenone, Antimycin A, CO, Sodium Azide, and Cyanides. What are Uncouplers? In intact mitochondria and in special preparations of sub mitochondrial particles, the transport of electrons and the phosphorylation of ADP are tightly coupled reactions.

What is the function of the ATP synthase?

ATP synthase is the enzyme that makes ATP molecules. It is a multi-part complex that straddles the inner membrane of mitochondria, the energy factories in cells. The enzyme complex interacts with fatty molecules in the mitochondrial inner membrane, creating a curvature that is required to produce ATP more efficiently.

Who proposed Chemiosmotic theory?

Peter Mitchell 50 years ago Peter Mitchell proposed the chemiosmotic hypothesis for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1978.

How is oxidative phosphorylation regulated?

Oxidative phosphorylation is regulated primarily by the energy needs of a cell, and therefore the ratio of ADP to ATP. Oxidative phosphorylation: The final stage of cellular respiration where the combined action of the electron transport chain and chemiosmotic coupling result in ATP production.

Is glucose a high-energy compound?

1. During oxidation of substrates (for instance glucose) are formed intermediates with high-energy phosphate group. … ATP – the most important high-energy phosphate compound and its phosphoanhydride bonds are referred to as high-energy bonds and is created in the process of oxidative phosphorylation in mitochondria.

What is the purpose of the Q cycle?

The Q cycle (named for quinol) describes a series of reactions that describe how the sequential oxidation and reduction of the lipophilic electron carrier, Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10), between the ubiquinol and ubiquinone forms, can result in the net movement of protons across a lipid bilayer (in the case of the mitochondria, …

What is the P O ratio for the oxidation of NADH in electron transport chain quizlet?

(2) The P/O for NADH is ~2.5.

What is the approximate P O ratio that can be expected if intact mitochondria are incubated in the presence of oxygen along with added succinate?

What is the approximate P/O ratio that can be expected if intact mitochondria are incubated in the presence of oxygen along with added succinate? A P/O ratio of 1.5 is expected.

How many molecules of ATP are made for each molecule of succinate oxidized?

Question: A bacterial ATP synthase makes 1.5 molecules of ATP for each molecule of succinate oxidized by the electron transport system.

How many ATP is produced by succinate?

When Succinate is the electron source, we lose out on the 4 protons from Complex 1 and have a total of 6 H+. This results in 1.5 ATP made per succinate (succinate also provides 2 electrons).

What would be the outcome if ubiquinone in the electron transport chain was blocked and could not function?

What do the electrons added to NAD+ do in aerobic respiration? … What would be the outcome if ubiquinone in the electron transport chain was blocked and could not function? Complex III would not receive electrons. Which molecules are produced in glycolysis and used in fermentation?

Does oxidative phosphorylation produce CO2?

No, ATP is synthesised during oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport system. CO₂ is released in the Krebs cycle.

Does oxidative phosphorylation require oxygen?

In oxidative phosphorylation, oxygen must be present to receive electrons from the protein complexes. This allows for more electrons and high energy molecules to be passed along, and maintains the hydrogen pumping that produces ATP.

Does oxidative phosphorylation require light?

Oxidative phosphorylation involves the reduction of O₂ to H₂O with electrons donated by NADH and FADH₂, and occurs equally well in light or darkness. Photophosphorylation involves the oxidation of H₂O to O₂, with NADP⁺ as electron acceptor, and it is absolutely dependent on light.