What person would be in nitrogen balance?

Nitrogen balance: Healthy adults usually maintain constant lean body mass and neither accumulate protein nor lose protein mass. Since their combined nitrogen intake (mainly as protein) more or less equals their nitrogen losses, they are said to be in nitrogen balance.

Who is most likely to be in nitrogen balance?

Positive nitrogen balance: growing infants, children, adolescents, pregnant women, and people recovering from protein deficiency or illness.

What is a zero nitrogen balance?

(nī’trŏ-jĕn bal’ăns) The difference between the total nitrogen intake by an organism and its total nitrogen loss. A normal, healthy adult has a zero nitrogen balance.

What happens to the nitrogen balance during a period of fasting?

Negative nitrogen balance is associated with burns, serious tissue injuries, fevers, hyperthyroidism, wasting diseases, and during periods of fasting. This means that the amount of nitrogen excreted from the body is greater than the amount of nitrogen ingested.

What is nitrogen balance in nutrition?

The concept of nitrogen balance is that the difference between nitrogen intake and loss reflects gain or loss of total body protein. If more nitrogen (protein) is given to the patient than lost, the patient is considered to be anabolic or “in positive nitrogen balance”.

What is nitrogen in the body?

Nitrogen is a component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other organic compounds. It is used to make amino acids in our body which in turn make proteins. It is also needed to make nucleic acids, which form DNA and RNA. Human or other species on earth require nitrogen in a ‘fixed’ reactive form.

What is protein energy malnutrition?

Protein-energy undernutrition (PEU), previously called protein-energy malnutrition, is an energy deficit due to deficiency of all macronutrients. It commonly includes deficiencies of many micronutrients. PEU can be sudden and total (starvation) or gradual.

What contains nitrogen in the amine group?

45 Cards in this Set

Proteins Compounds in your body that consist of numerous amino acids and are found in all living cells.
Amine Group The nitrogen containing part of an amino acid.
Side Chain The side group of an amino acid that provides it with its unique qualities; also referred to as the R group.
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How does the body maintain nitrogen balance?

The digestion of proteins from the diet results in excess amino acids, which need to be excreted safely. In the liver these amino acids are deaminated to form ammonia . Ammonia is toxic and so it is immediately converted to urea for safe excretion.

What is nitrogen retention?

Nitrogen retention The nitrogen retention method compares nitrogen intake to nitrogen losses and may also take into account “other miscellaneous nitrogen losses,” which include nitrogen lost in sweat, as hair or in milk.

What is negative nitrogen balance?

Nitrogen balance is simply the measure of nitrogen output subtracted from nitrogen input. Therefore, if someone is taking in less nitrogen than they are excreting they are said to be in ‘negative nitrogen balance’.

What is a nitrogen balance test?

Nitrogen balance is the difference between the amount of nitrogen ingested and the amount excreted in the urine and feces. … However, excessive fecal nitrogen levels persist and are used as an indicator of pancreatic atrophy.

When nitrogen consumption is less than nitrogen excretion a person is in nitrogen balance?

A person is said to be in nitrogen balance when the nitrogen input equals the amount of nitrogen used and excreted (Table 6.4. 1). A person is in negative nitrogen balance when the amount of excreted nitrogen is greater than that consumed, meaning that the body is breaking down more protein to meet its demands.

What affects nitrogen balance?

Insufficient caloric intake, lack of non-essential nitrogen, potassium depletion, corticosteroid administration, infection or cardiac insufficiency have been found to cause a deterioration of the nitrogen balance and an increase of plasma urea or concentration.

What is nitrogen balance biochemistry?

Nitrogen balance is commonly referred to as the net difference between the intake (and/or the effective absorption) of nitrogen contained in the diet and its excretion. Since nitrogen is con- tained predominantly in proteins, this term per- tains mainly to the balance of proteins and of amino acids [1].

How do you do a nitrogen balance study?

Steps to Calculate Nitrogen Balance

  1. Determine nitrogen lost in urine by a 24 hour urinary urea nitrogen test.
  2. Add 4* to the UUN to account for non-urinary losses of nitrogen.
  3. Determine nitrogen intake by dividing the daily protein intake by 6.25.
  4. N-bal.= value from #3 – value from #4.
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What does the term nitrogen balance mean quizlet?

Nitrogen balance ) it is the quantitative difference between the amount of nitrogen intake and the amount of nitrogen excreted.

How is nitrogen balanced air?

Nitrogen in the air is taken into the ground by lightning, Bacteria in the soil (rhizobium) and fertilizers. The bacteria in the soil convert this atmospheric nitrogen into nitrates, which is then absorbed by the plants during photosynthesis. These plants are then eaten by animals who get the nitrates as nutrition.

Is nitrogen in the human body?

1.1 Total Body Nitrogen. Nitrogen is one of the main body components, required for protein synthesis and production of several nitrogenous compounds such as hormones, neurotransmitters, and components of antioxidant defense.

Where is nitrogen found in the body?

Nitrogen comprises 3% of the human body by mass. It is found in all organisms in molecules such as amino acids (which make up proteins), nucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), an essential energy transfer molecule.

Do humans need nitrogen?

Your body needs nitrogen to make proteins in your muscles, skin, blood, hair, nails and DNA. You obtain nitrogen from protein-containing foods in your diet, according to the Royal Society of Chemistry. These foods include meat, fish, legumes, nuts, eggs, milk and other dairy products.

Which of the following is protein and energy malnutrition?

Types include: Kwashiorkor (protein malnutrition predominant) Marasmus (deficiency in calorie intake) Marasmic kwashiorkor (marked protein deficiency and marked calorie insufficiency signs present, sometimes referred to as the most severe form of malnutrition)

What is an example of malnutrition?

Key facts. Malnutrition, in all its forms, includes undernutrition (wasting, stunting, underweight), inadequate vitamins or minerals, overweight, obesity, and resulting diet-related noncommunicable diseases. 1.9 billion adults are overweight or obese, while 462 million are underweight.

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What causes protein energy malnutrition?

Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a common childhood disorder and is primarily caused by deficiency of energy, protein, and micronutrients. PEM manifests as underweight (low body weight compared with healthy peers), stunting (poor linear growth), wasting (acute weight loss), or edematous malnutrition (kwashiorkor).

Which compound contains nitrogen?

Many industrially important compounds, such as ammonia, nitric acid, organic nitrates (propellants and explosives), and cyanides, contain nitrogen. The extremely strong triple bond in elemental nitrogen (N≡N), the second strongest bond in any diatomic molecule after carbon monoxide (CO), dominates nitrogen chemistry.

How is nitrogen in the amine group processed quizlet?

How is nitrogen in the amine group processed? It is converted to urea and excreted in urine.

Which functional group contains a nitrogen atom?

amine functional group The amine functional group contains a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair of electrons. As such, the group is derivative of ammonia, in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a carbon-containing substituent.

How does the body maintain water and nitrogen balance?

Humans have two kidneys. … The main job of your kidneys is to regulate the amount of water in the body and balance the concentration of mineral ions in the blood. They also get rid of waste products, especially a nitrogen-containing compound called urea.

How is nitrogen excreted from the body?

Nitrogen excretion: Nitrogenous waste is excreted in different forms by different species. These include (a) ammonia, (b) urea, and (c) uric acid. … In this case, uric acid is excreted in urine instead of in feces, as is done in birds and reptiles. Uric acid is a compound similar to purines found in nucleic acids.