Emergency physicians are familiar with British anti-Lewisite (BAL) because it is a heavy metal-chelating agent that is recommended in some cases of metal poisoning, especially arsenic.
Which type of antidote is British anti-lewisite?
BAL (British Antilewisite) Dimercaprol is a synthetic therapeutic substance developed during World War II as an antidote against the vesicant arsenic war gases (lewisite).
What is Dimercaprol used for?
Dimercaprol, or British anti-Lewisite (BAL), is a parenterally administered heavy metal chelating agent that is used to treat arsenic, gold, copper and mercury poisoning.
What class of drugs is Dimercaprol?
Dimercaprol is a medication used to treat toxic exposure to arsenic, mercury, gold, and lead. It is in the chelating class of drugs. This activity outlines and reviews the indications, actions, and contraindications for dimercaprol as a valuable agent in treating arsenic, mercury, gold, and lead toxicity.
Is EDTA a chelator?
EDTA is a chelate ligand with a high affinity constant to form metal-EDTA complexes, being deliberately added to sequester metal ions .
How do you pronounce Dimercaprol?
What is lewisite used for?
Lewisite was produced in 1918 to be used in World War I, but its production was too late for it to be used in the war. Lewisite has been used only as a chemical warfare agent. It has no medical or other practical use. Lewisite is not found naturally in the environment.
What is DMSA chelation?
DMSA (meso-2, 3-dimercaptosucccinic acid) is another mercury chelating agent. It is the only chelating agent other than cilantro and d-penicillamine that penetrates brain cells. DMSA removes mercury both via the kidneys and via the bile. The sulfhydryl groups in both DMPS and DMSA bind very tightly to mercury.
What is DMSA made of?
DMSA Description Each Reaction vial contains 1.1 mg meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid, 0.2 mg tin as stannous chloride, and 0.7 mg ascorbic acid. The vial is back filled with inert gas and may contain a partial vacuum. Each Acetate buffer vial contains 1.2 ml Sodium Acetate .
Is Bal and Dimercaprol same?
Dimercaprol, also called British anti-Lewisite (BAL), is a medication used to treat acute poisoning by arsenic, mercury, gold, and lead.
What are the side effects of Dimercaprol?
Common side effects of Dimercaprol include: Fever, 30% of children. Tightness sensation, chest, limbs, jaw, abdomen. … Other side effects of dimercaprol include:
- Injection site pain, abscess.
- Nausea.
- Vomiting.
- Headache.
- Numbness and tingling (hand)
- Tremor.
- Eyelid twitching.
- Conjunctivitis.
How do antidotes work?
Antidotes are agents that negate the effect of a poison or toxin. Antidotes mediate its effect either by preventing the absorption of the toxin, by binding and neutralizing the poison, antagonizing its end-organ effect, or by inhibition of conversion of the toxin to more toxic metabolites.
Who discovered Dimercaprol?
British Anti-Lewisite (BAL), 2,3-dimercapto-1-propanol, was developed in Oxford during the Second World War by Sir Rudolf Peters and his team as an antidote against arsenical warfare poisoning [46, 47].
What antidote is used as an bismuth poisoning?
Of these, those with sulfhydryl groups, adjacent aromatic hydroxy groups or appropriately positioned phosphonate groups proved themselves to be effective antidotes. Of the compounds currently approved for therapeutic use, D-penicillamine was the most effective.
What is Bal injection?
B A L Injection is a chelating agent. It is helpful in removing the heavy metal toxicity (e.g., arsenic, gold or mercury) from the body. It is also used in combination with other drug (sodium calcium edetate) to treat lead poisoning. 233.72MRP311.63.
What do you mean by chelation?
the process of chelating. … Medicine/Medical. a method of removing certain heavy metals from the bloodstream, used especially in treating lead or mercury poisoning. a controversial treatment for arteriosclerosis that attempts to remove calcium deposits from the inner walls of the coronary arteries.
What is the best chelating agent?
EDTA seems to be the better of the two. However, a combined treatment with EDTA (less quantity) and maybe citric acid or other biodegradable chelate could be an option.
What is chelation weathering?
Chelation: The chemical removal of metallic ions from a mineral or rock by weathering can provide their combination with organic compounds. The decomposition of dead plants in soil may form organic acids which, when dissolved in water, cause chemical weathering.
How do you pronounce Succimer?
How do you pronounce desferrioxamine?
What is Bal in chemistry?
The term BAL is a contraction for British Anti-Lewisite, a compound developed by Peters, Stocken, and Thompson1during the recent war as an antidote to the arsenical blister gases. The chemical name for BAL is 2,3-dimercaptopropanol.
Has lewisite been used?
Any part of the body that is contacted by the liquid or vapour suffers inflammation, burns, and tissue destruction. Lewisite was developed in retaliation for German gas attacks during World War I, but was never actually used. It was in the process of manufacture when the armistice was signed.
What is the treatment for lewisite?
Treatment. British anti-lewisite, also called dimercaprol, is the antidote for lewisite. It can be injected to prevent systemic toxicity, but will not prevent injury to the skin, eyes, or mucous membranes. Chemically, dimercaprol binds to the arsenic in lewisite.
What is the antidote for lewisite?
ANTIDOTE: British Anti-Lewisite (BAL; dimercaprol) binds to the arsenic in lewisite to decrease the toxicity of this agent. BAL is given by intramuscular (IM) injection as an antidote for whole-body (systemic) health effects of lewisite but has no effect on local lesions of the skin, eyes, or airways.
Does DMSA cross the blood brain barrier?
In contrast with CaNa2EDTA, DMSA does not cross the blood-brain barrier and thus removal of lead from the CNS likely occurs due to the development of a concentration gradient of lead between the CNS and blood [8].
How do you remove mercury from the brain?
If you have mercury poisoning with a very high level of mercury in your blood, your doctor will probably recommend chelation therapy. This method involves using medications, called chelators, that bind to mercury in your body and help it to exit your system. Chelators can be taken as a pill or injected.
How long does it take to chelate mercury?
According to various studies that heavy metal chelation using cilantro and chlorella can naturally remove an average of 87% of lead, 91% of mercury, and 74% of aluminum from the body within 45 days.
Is DMPS safe?
Animal studies on the acute and chronic toxicity of DMPS have been carried out and results illustrate the safety of this agent and its wide therapeutic window. DMPS is not mutagenic and seems to have no teratogenic effects. It is not carcinogenic.
Is DMSA over the counter?
The products list DMSA (meso-2, 3-dimercaptosuccinic acid), as an active ingredient, which is contained in an FDA-approved prescription product indicated for the treatment of lead poisoning in children. FDA advises consumers to avoid all products offered over-the-counter (OTC) for chelation or detoxification.
Can you buy DMSA?
Simple to use and effective, DMSA is now available to buy in dietary supplement form, specifically formulated to contain 100 mg of DMSA per capsule. Given its effect, however, DMSA must be used with caution. It is advisable to seek advice from a health professional before taking it.
Graduated from ENSAT (national agronomic school of Toulouse) in plant sciences in 2018, I pursued a CIFRE doctorate under contract with Sun’Agri and INRAE in Avignon between 2019 and 2022. My thesis aimed to study dynamic agrivoltaic systems, in my case in arboriculture. I love to write and share science related Stuff Here on my Website. I am currently continuing at Sun’Agri as an R&D engineer.